A Study On Rural Residents’ Community Participation And Its Influence Factors Under The Background Of Population Flow

Abstract:Community participation is the base and power of community development, and it plays an important role in promoting community development and man’s all-round development. But villagers’community participation in the vast rural areas presents a weakening trend under the background of outflow of a large number of population. This situation has brought great difficulties to the rural governance and development. Therefore, how to improve rural community participation, to realize good governance of community, to promote the development of the community, becomes one of the important issues in the vast rural areas.Based on the theory perspective of rational choice theory and social capital theory, this study has carried on the on-the-spot investigation in an administrative village in northwestern Hunan province-L village with the methods of questionnaire survey, structured interview and observation, analyzing the current status of community participation in rural areas, probing into the reasons behind these situation.Through the study we found that:1. At present rural residents’ community participation in rural areas has the following features:the level of villagers’concern about community affairs and participation frequency are not high; Farming villagers at home have a high level of concern and participation frequency in the village affairs than the villagers who work outside of the village; the content of participation focuses on social participation and political participation, cultural and economic participation is less; The political participation, economic participation of farming villagers at home is relatively high, the social participation, cultural participation of the villagers work outside; on participation way,"paid" become the main way in participating in community affairs, which is a more rational way for the villagers who work outside.2. among villagers’ characteristic variable, villagers who are engaged in agriculture at home are more actively participate in community affairs than the villagers who works within the scope of county and the villagers who work outside; there is a positive correlation between age and villagers’ community participation; and there are negative correlation between culture degree, family income and villagers’ community participation.3. Among inner influence factors, there are positive correlation between interests association, community social capital and villagers’ community participation.4. Among external influence factors, there is a positive correlation between community mobilization and villagers’ participation. In addition, the system supply is also one of the important factors that affect villagers community participation.In order to improve the level of community participation, we can make efforts from strengthening villagers’ social capital in community and setting up a good system of community participation. To strengthen the villagers’ social capital in community, we can try our best to strengthen villagers’social network in communities and community identity. In the aspect of system construction of community participation, we can try to improve the community mobilization mechanism, build interest coordination system and a sound system of supervision, etc.