Research On The Sustainable Livelihoods For Disaster Immigration In Wenchuan Earthquake

China is one of the countries of most frequent natural disasters in the world. In recent years, with the growth of GDP, the number of natural disasters and it has caused the Losses are also increasing day by day. During the next period of time, the number of disaster immigrants will continue to increase. For disaster immigrants, post-disaster reconstruction and off-site settlement is a process that they had to leave the familiar with production and living environment to adapt to an unfamiliar environment. In this process, not only material wealth and social resources will be subject to heavy loss and the influence, but also its generations of customs, values and way of life which are likely to face with the risk of being marginalized or disappearance. Disaster immigrants move out places which are mostly higher vulnerability of poor regions, but move to places which tend to be relatively high level of economic development of regions. Changes in the living environment before and after the disaster which forced disaster immigrants have obvious different from natural and social resources. Disaster immigrants’ productive recovery, reconstruction and development have become a top priority throughout the process, and ensure its production and living standards that is not to reduce is the key.Post-disaster immigrants livelihood’s recovery capabilities depends on they had access to the situation of livelihood capital. Disaster immigrants’ livelihood capital determines their choice of livelihood strategies, livelihood strategies decides disaster immigrants acquired the livelihood outcomes, and livelihood outcomes precisely reflects the disasters immigrants who have living conditions. Positive livelihood outcomes tend to expand disasters immigrants’ livelihood capital base, but negative livelihood outcomes will weaken disaster immigrants’ livelihood capital base. In this study, Wenchuan earthquake disaster immigrants as a survey,with DFID sustainable livelihoods analysis framework, intends to literature research on the basis of the relevant qualitative, used the questionnaires, in-depth interviews and participant observation methods, static description disaster immigrants’ status of livelihoods capital,strategies and outcomes, dynamic comparative changes before and after the earthquake disaster immigrants’ livelihood capital, strategies and outcomes, states the factors affectdisaster immigrants’ recovery of sustainable livelihoods and achieve their approach, analyses the main reason for the existing problems and how to realize the sustainable development of disaster immigrants’ livelihoods to provide appropriate countermeasures and suggestions.Based on these, the article starts from the following five aspects:Firstly, descries the research purpose, meaning, theory basis and related concepts,according to the current domestic and international research profile disasters immigrants’ livelihoods gave instructions. Secondly, draws on the experience of DFID sustainable livelihoods analysis framework, and is combined with disaster immigrants related theoretical knowledge and sociological research methods, describes in detail before and after the earthquake disaster immigrants’ living environment, in terms of natural capital, physical capital, social capital, financial capital and human capital in five dimensions of analyzing disasters immigrants’ livelihoods capital before and after the earthquake. Thirdly, analyzing the change before and after the earthquake disaster immigrants’ livelihood strategies and livelihood outcomes, disaster immigrants choose to mode of production which can help their livelihood for more results in a particular environment, and discusses the main issues disaster immigrants who are facing at present. Fourthly, intends on the basis of existing research,discusses the relationship among disasters immigrants’ livelihood capital, livelihood strategies and livelihood outcomes, and analyzes the impact of post-disaster reconstruction and off-site settlements’ policies on disaster immigrants’ livelihoods. Fifthly, according to the problems that had found research in-depth thinking, to provide the ways from a personal level and system level to help disaster immigrants’ restore livelihoods as soon as possible and ultimately attain the development of sustainable livelihoods.