The Research On Livelihoods And Its Impacts Of Households In Mountain Area In Zhejiang

This paper analyzed the livelihoods of households in mountain area and factors whichimpacted on them, and finally designed the strategies which can improve their livelihoods.It’snecessary and meaningful for the modernization of mountain area and realize the coordinateddevelopment between mountain area and ocean in Zhejiang Province.Based on the collection of literatures and second-hand data, this paper analyzed economy andlivelihoods of households in mountain area. There are several traits for mountain area in Zhejiangincluding economy development fastly but still fall behind with flat areas;industries structuretransition gradually;ecologicalenvironment improved and built the ecological compensationmechanism; social security development fast.The livelihoods of households improved rapidly butstill have a gap with flat area.Then, it made case studies for households’livelihoods from income structure,consumptionand labor time distribution aspects according to the research framework of sustainable livelihoodsand large scale households surveys. It shown that the livelihoods of households improvedobviously, increasing of empolyment opportunities made poverty reduction, also,ecologicalenvironment improved from view of households’ samples.It also analyzed ambient conditional of households’ livelihoods with the view of micro andmacro perspective, and discussed the factors which influenced the livelihoods of household basedon the livelihoods capitals.It suggested that there are various influence from livelihoodscapitals.Natural capital,financial capital and social capital has positive impact on livelihoods ofhouseholds,respectively.On the contrary, human capital has negative impact on livelihoods ofhouseholds,but, material capitals can not be identified the direction of impact.Finally, According the previous analysis results,it gave recommendation, including, to builtthe ecological economy industries system for diversifing livelihoods of households; to intensifythe social capital network and social service system for households in mountain area;to perfectpolicies of ecological compensation and forest tenure reform for increase the adaptation oflivelihoods;to built the training network system for human capital in montain area;to establish thefinancial system for satisfying the investment demand of households in mountain area; to makeplans about special industries cluster districts for stabilizing the employment of households in mountain area.