Opinion Expression And Communication: Institutional Analysis On The Occurrence Of Mass Incidences

During the period of social transformation, China is now facing more and more social tension, which has caused a lot of mass incidents one after another. This has become a hot topic that has caught great attention from scholars of different areas. To prevent mass incident, we must start from the origin of it. Therefore, it is very important for us to study the occurrence mechanism of mass incidents. From the perspective of political science, political opportunity structure is an important reason for the happening of mass incidents. Furthermore, among numerous factors in the political opportunity structure, the open state of the political system is an important index for interest expression and will achievement of the community. Therefore, this paper tries to study the reasons for the occurrence of mass incidents through discussing the open state of the current Chinese political system. Our study focuses on the cases of demolition mass incidents, the related expressive systems of which mainly includes the representative National People’s Congress system, the lawsuit system of judicial relief and the compensatory complaint reporting system. In the study of these systems, we mainly analyze from the purpose of the systems, the operation of the systems, especially the performance of the systems in the demolition mass incidents and other aspects, to construct the occurrence mechanism of the demolition mass incidents.Our research resource comes from two aspects:firstly, the public transcript and the basic outline of the demolition mass incidents from the in-depth reporting; Secondly, interviews on important people, through interviewing the relative parties and important observers, we would form critical judgments and review public transcripts on important analysis nodes. In this paper, mainly using the method of institutional analysis, we make an in-depth analysis of the laws and regulations, structure, operation, performance etc. of the systems.Through the analysis of demolition mass incidents, we draw the conclusion that it is just the failure of the institutional expression that leads to the occurrence of mass incidents. Firstly, the National People’s Congress system, the original purpose of which is for opinion expression and interest transmission, does not fulfill its right to object the proposal and question the government in the case that the disputes of land rights arise. At the same time, the part-time representative system and the alienation between the principal and agent lead to the result that the National People’s Congress system doesn’t work at all when the demolition mass incidence occurs. Secondly, the lawsuit system is actually designed as the channel of judicial relief for the interest conflicts. However, the stable high cost of funds, energy, professional knowledge etc. in the practice of lawsuit often make the victims don’t have other choices. At the same time, the declination of the judicial credibility caused by the judicial corruption also makes some people give up the judicial approach. Thirdly, the complaint reporting system is actually the compensatory right relief outside the official system of our state. However, the current requirement for rigid stability and performance assessment instead blocks the original function of the complaint reporting system, which leads to the result that the victims could not protect their rights through this approach. All in all, the failure of expression that caused by the closure of the system "produces" a plenty of demolition mass incidents.