Qingdao Public Emergency Management Problems And Countermeasures

As the economy grows, more and more people live into city, especially some large cities. While becoming the most active region, city also carries the most complex social and economic problems. City burden and conflicts becomes more and more. Because of the rise of extent, scope, frequency, cities are more and more fragile. Throughout the public emergencies of cities including natural disasters, public health emergencies, social security incident and national security events, the occurrence frequency is higher at different levels, some are the common public emergencies, as earthquakes, fires, floods, tsunamis and riots, and some are new public emergencies as mad cow disease, SARS, H1N1, mine and chemical spills. China gets into the transformation stage of economy and society, the per capita GDP reached $6767 in 2012 which is the middle-income trap across, many problems are coming, especially in natural disasters, public safety and health. China is entering a rapid urbanization period, all kinds of conflict and burden is also coming. On the one hand cities have limited skills to public emergency, on the anther hand governments around the world pay attention to the construction of urban public emergency capabilities, so it is very important to study urban public emergency management.This paper analyses urban public emergency problem, takes the literature analysis and case comparing method. The text is divided into five chapters according to the thinking of the basic theory, learning foreign experiment, problems analysis, suggestions, as follows:The first chapter is introduction. This paper analyses the current traditional and new sudden public events at home and abroad that cities are facing, and expounds the significance of public emergency management from the theoretical and practical aspects, then summarizes the emergency management research at home and abroad about emergency management model, emergency management systems, emergency management evaluation.The second chapter is city public emergency management theory. Combining the official guidance and academics, the concept of urban public emergency is defined as:the events are harm to the city order, the resident life and property, the normal city life. Then this paper summed up five characteristics and divided the events into natural disasters, accidents disasters, public health emergencies, social security which are classed I (especially severe), II level (severe), grade III (severe) and IV (general) four levels, then stated the process of emergency management including warning, preparedness, response and recovery. At last this paper defined the urban public emergency management principles and summarized internal and external factors of public emergency management capabilities affecting the city.The third chapter is about learning foreign typical urban emergency management experience. This paper analyses the development process of emergency management and emergency management system construction from the United States and Japan, and focus on learning experience in New York City and Tokyo, summed up the sound a sense of crisis, comprehensive emergency management, professional emergency teams, and the response mechanism.The fourth chapter is about problems of urban public emergency management. This paper analyses the current situation of public emergency management in Qingdao, especially Beijing model, Shanghai mode and discover the problems including the weak crisis sense, lacking emergency regulations, imperfect contingency plans, no-unified emergency response agencies, unsmooth coordinated response, and opaque emergency information and lacking crisis intervention.The fifth chapter is city public emergency management suggestions. This paper proposes to enhance public awareness, establish emergency system, improve emergency management mechanism, encourage the participation of emergency experts and pay attention to psychological crisis intervention.