Research On Mass Incidents Caused By Rural Land Expropriation And Their Countermeasures

Since the1990s, with the continuous advance of our city development andon-going expansion of city size, all kinds of non-agricultural construction landdemand increase. As the existing state-owned land reserves and its supply speed cannot meet the needs of city development, expropriation of rural collective land willbecome the main source of the city construction land. According to the NationalLand Use Master Plan Outline formulated by the Ministry of Land Resources in2008, a total of5317600hectares of new construction land will be needed from2006to2020, which will occupy more than26,240,000acres of farmland. Suppose a muof arable land per capita is expropriated, the15years between will witness26,240,000landless peasants. Such a large-scale land expropriation, is very likely tocause disputes, or worse, mass incidents. According to2013China Social SituationAnalysis and Prediction released by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences at theend of2012, in recent years, the number of China’s annual mass incidents added upto over10million, of which those caused by Expropriation of Rural Land accountedfor about50%, and there is a further expanding trend. The multiple happening ofmass incidents will directly affect social stability, affect the credibility of the partyand is alien to the goal of constructing the socialist harmonious society. Therefore,how to expropriate rural collective land in a steady, smooth and orderly way hasbecome the imminent priority of local Party committees and governments at alllevels.Firstly, according to the relevant laws and regulations, this article makes apresentation of the basic concepts, legal characteristics, principles, compensationsfor land expropriation and the main procedures in China’s rural land expropriation.Secondly, from the perspective of public management, this article briefly introduces the definition, classification of group events, and points out the form of expression,the specific characteristics and social influence of mass incidents caused by ruralland expropriation. Then, according to the results of theoretical research and theauthor’s working experience, the article makes a in-depth, comprehensive,systematic analysis of the reasons for the frequent happening of mass incidents inChina land, and points out that the defect of land expropriation compensationmechanism, the sub-standard in expropriation behavior, the corruption of ruralgrass-roots cadres, the weak foundation of grass-roots petition work and otherfactors are the main causes of rural land conflicts. Finally, learning from theadvanced experience and practice of America, British and Japan in the process ofland expropriation, compensation for land expropriation, land expropriation disputerelief and so on, combined with China’s special national conditions, this articleproposes countermeasures and suggestions on reducing and preventing the land massincident, mainly including: perfecting the land expropriation compensationmechanism, regulating the government land expropriation, standardizing of thepower operation of village cadres, strengthening the rural grass-roots petition work,improving the mechanism of emergency management.