Research On Equalization Of Basic Public Service Of China

Since the beginning of the reform and opening in1978, Chinese economy haswitnessed a tremendous growth, with GDP growing from360billion Yuan to56.88trillion Yuan. At the same time, the people’s living standard has also significantlyincreased. However, there are more and more transparent fundamental socialcontradictions luring due to the ever-fast growing economy. Among these severe socialcontradictions, the most pressing one which needs to be solved immediately is thecontradiction between unequal and low-level supply and the growing needs of basicpublic service. In last few years, Chinese government pays great attention to the processof equalizing the basic public service. Eighteen party3rd in plenary meeting report in2013holds that:“(we need to) further social institutional innovation; further basicpublic service equalization; accelerate the process of scientific and efficient socialadministration institution.” Chinese experts also have achieved many accomplishmentsin the positive progress of equalization of basic public service, but still have a long wayto go to achieve that. This paper expects to further deep into the problem of equalizationof basic public service, and to bring forward some practicable devices and advice.This paper mainly analyzes the relevant theories, implication, conditions,principles, standards, problems and reasons of the equalization of basic public service,and based on this, proposes some practicable advice after drawing valuable lessons fromforeign countries. First, this paper analyze, induce, summarize and creatively,scientifically and fully define the relevant concepts after tremendously reading andlearning the existent papers. Second, this paper implement qualitative analyticalmethods, literature analytical methods and induction methods to analyze and summarizethe implication, condition, principle and standards of achieving the equalization of basicpublic service. Third, to achieve the goal of researching the problem of Chineseequalization of public service, it is necessary to fundamentally understand the currentstatus of basic public service and analyze it from the qualitative and quantitative pointof view. Only through this, can this paper come into the objective and accurateconclusion. Therefore, although many scholars base the research methods on qualitativeview, this paper uses quantitative analytical methods, establishes far-reaching andrepresentative index system of basic public service, and chooses the Entropy weight ofcomprehensive evaluation method——TOPISIS to evaluate the index system and reachto the conclusion about the current status of Chinese basic public service. Fourth, according to the evaluation result, this paper concludes that Chinese basic public serviceis unequal, further states the unequalization form, creatively uses the “broken windowstheory” to analyze the reason of unequalization, and reach to the conclusion thatinstitution, system and policy are the main factor of the reason of unequalization, withthe institution structural method. Fifth, through reading Chinese and foreign literature,this paper chooses Sweden and German to analyze and elaborate these advantages,because the two countries have the tremendous significance of reference to the currentsituation of China. Sixth, this paper brings forward the devices and advice ofaccelerating the equalization of basic public service, with the experience of both foreigncountries and Chinese national condition. Among these advice, this paper refers toimproving some intuitions, for example, proposes to achieve combined longitudinal andcross-sectional payment institution; implements “individual credit” institution totransform the household register, and to relieve the great impact of relaxing theinstitution of household register.