Development-oriented Social Policy Perspective Of Social Assistance System To Perfect The Research

At present, China is going through a historic period of transition from a traditional society to a modern society. The distribution of social wealth is well affected by the transformation of economic structure and the reconstruction of social pattern. On one hand, most of the social wealth is leaded by the primary distribution which is accomplished by the leverage of market economy to the social class of minority groups, and, at the same time, a stable and strong dominant power is came into being. On the other hand, the authorities are positively setting out to establish a social assistance system so that the social assistance policy can be improved. Through decades of development, China has generally formed a trinity of social assistance system which contains basic living assistance, special relief and current bailout. This kind of assistance system plays a significant and irreplaceable role in realizing the justice and maintaining the stability of the society, and in building the socialist harmonious society as well. Meanwhile, as a policy system which is relatively new and in the development, it inevitably has some system deficiency.Chongqing, a citydirectlyunderthe Central Government, is gradually becoming the powered engine of the development in western China because of its rapid economic growth. Metropolis, however, brings not only the development of countryside but unbalancedregionaldevelopment as well. All these years, the conflict between urban and rural area has been more and more obvious under the background of China’s rapid economic development. As the social gap between rich and poor is widening gradually, the survival of vulnerable groups has been a key problem which causes all kinds of social contradictions. Government, at the same time, has paid much attention on the establishment and perfection of the social assistance system during the process of social governance. At present, Chongqing has not only high degree of metropolis cities, but relatively backward economic development of poor mountainous areas as well. In some way, the development of Chongqing is an epitome of China. From this point of view, it is of much representative and rationality to use Chongqing as a research object in order to carry out the research of perfecting social assistance system in China.Since the 1980 s, scholars such as J.Midgley, Giddens and RTayor-Gooby have gradually put forward the ideas about the governance and the theory of poverty, and, finally, this kind of theory has developed into a development-oriented social policy. To be specific, development-oriented social policy is positively focus on the government of poverty. More importantly, it consider the development of economy and the social policy as a mutual integration and limited social welfare should be positively used so that humancapitalandsocialcapital of vulnerable groups can be lifted. Fortunately, in many western welfare states, development-oriented social policy has been wildly implemented and hasyielded apositiveresult. Therefore, in China, the theory of development-oriented social policy should be used for reference to facilitate the policy transition in the process of carrying out social assistance. That is to say to change the negative indemnity into positive prevention while improving the human capital and social capital of poorer communities at full steam. By doing so, social assistance can be transformed from maintaining people’s basic survival into improving the ability of vulnerable groups themselves so that they can emerge from poverty.