The Contrast Between China Immigration And India Immigration In Australia

Australia is a traditional immigrant nation, where Chinese and Indian immigrant groups take up a big percentage, ranking 3rd and 4th place respectively(2011), and the number of Chinese and India immigrants are still on the rise. It was the first time in the history that India surpassed China to become the largest source of Australia’s permanent immigration during 2011-2012, which remained the same situation during the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. Based on the latest data and materials from the Department of Immigration and Border Protection,Australian Bureau of Statistics and Australian multicultural foundation, this essay aims to make a comparative study between the Chinese immigrants and India immigrants in Australia. The essay is divided into three parts:(1) The Contrast between the structure and number of the permanent and temporary immigration. By comparison, it is concluded that the Asian immigrants have become the main source of immigrants in Australia. The reason why India surpassed China to become the largest source of Australia’s permanent immigration is that the rising number of the skill immigrants. Given this tendency, it’s quite possible for India to surpass China and become the third largest immigrant group in Australia following after the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Besides the drain of skill immigrants and overseas students, China is also exposed to the loss of business innovation investment immigrants, which pushes China to face a more severe situation than India does.(2) The Contrast from basic characteristics(e.g.: gender, age, religion, Spoken English proficiency, education, employment, income, occupation and industry).By comparison, we found that these characteristics such as age, gender, religion and Spoken English proficiency are influenced by the domestic element. To some extent, these can be viewed as the extension of the domestic situation. The Indian immigrants are better than Chinese immigrants in many characteristics, such as education, employment and income. In terms of the composition of occupation and industry, Chinese and Indian immigrants are widespread with diversity and nationalization. Generally speaking, compared with the people that was born in Australia, In terms of social and economic status, Indian immigrant groups belong to the above middle level in Australia, while Chinese immigrant groups belong to the middle level.(3) The Contrast from the perspective of identity, which include the attitude of Australian towards Chinese and Indian immigrants, the attitude of Chinese and Indian immigrants towards Australian and the number of citizenship that Chinese and Indian immigrants apply for. By comparison, we found that race and color still have great impacts on the attitudes and behavior of Australian towards immigrants. The attitude of Australian towards Chinese immigrants is more positive than that towards Indian immigrants, and the Indian immigrants suffer more discrimination than Chinese immigrants. However, Chinese immigrants is more inclined to identify themselves as Chinese, while Indian immigrants identify themselves as both Indian and Australian. Indian immigrants also take up a higher percentage in passing the citizenship test and joining in the Australian nationality.India always sees China as a competitor, overseas resources play an important role in national renewal and national rejuvenation, the development of Indian immigrants in Australia is very conspicuous. At present, it is the critical period for China to transform the economy and deepen the reform. However, China is also faced with a population crisis at home and abroad that the demographic dividend gradually disappearing and the number of immigrants on the rise. It urgently makes Chinese government need to adjust the immigrant policy. In the case of Chinese immigrants in Australia, adjust immigration policy to relieve the situation of immigration outflow is very feasible. China needs to adjust the immigration policy from both the “symptom” and “disease”. Specifically, for “symptom”, Chinese government needs to make the reasonable and feasible policy based on the reason of immigration to relieve the severe immigration outflow. As for “disease”, it is necessary to set up a wholesome immigration institution and system, improve the classification and grade system for immigration and form the International brain circulation system, which will be help for institutionalize and systematize the immigration problems in the long run.