Study On Chinese NGO’s Participation In Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

Crises occur frequently in the present world. Public crisis management has become a major subject of social life. For a long time, the public have reached a consensus on public crisis management, namely public crisis management is the natural function of government, as well as a series of organized, planned relief and control behavior of the government. With the development of public crisis management theory and the downward shift of focus in public affairs and the functions of the government, the government sometimes seems powerless to handle the public crises on its own. Therefore, the role of non-governmental organizations(NGO) played in public crisis management is particularly important.While our country is just during the period of frequent occurrence of public emergency at present, and suffer from heavy damage of personnel and material property in the face of all kinds of natural disasters, public health incidents, accidents, disasters and public crisis every year. What’s more, earthquake disasters are the most obvious among all natural calamities. As our neighbor country whose territory is separated only by a strip of water, Japan also sustains a great destruction from earthquake disaster for the reason that it is located in the junction of the Pacific plate and Eurasia plate. In the process of long-term to fight against earthquake, Japan made a wealth of experience in disaster prevention and reduction, and formed a perfect and efficient disaster relief mechanism and system. And NGOs in Japan also played a huge role in the process of protecting and mitigating earthquake disasters, have more mature system and richer experience compared with those of China, and hold lessons for the improvement of NGOs’ ability and the establishment and development of the crisis management system in China.The severe earthquake disaster is one of China’s basic national conditions. That whether can we effectively cope with the sudden disaster has a close relationship with the prosperity and stability of the society, as well as the government’s survival and development. Through the analysis between the two countries’ NGO involvement in earthquake relief and careful studies of the comparison between the NGOs’ participation in domestic public crisis management in the two countries, especially the mitigation of earthquake disasters relief, which includes how to achieve the effective early warning before disaster, the earthquake disaster system comparison among the United States, Japan and China, how to relief the damage during a disaster, how to accommodate the victims and help them rebuild their homes after the disaster, we can truly benefit a lot from Japan. Then we continue to compare three major aspects of NGOs of these two countries, including the comparison of crisis early warning mechanism between Chinese and Japanese NGOs, the earthquake disaster system comparison among the United States, Japan and China, the respective relationship between the NGOs and the governments during the process of earthquake relief and the participation effect comparison in disaster relief interaction in the post-disaster reconstruction. Finally we carry on analyzing the differences of their different behavior and result between China and Japan, and then give some evaluation involved. In addition, we can come to conclude Japan’s NGO public crisis management experience and find effective ways to improve public crisis management in our country, in order to enhance the ability of NGO participation in public crisis management in our country, and then achieve the research goal of this topic.This research of the topic includes the theoretical basis of NGO participation in public crisis management, such as risk society theory, the theory of civil society and public crisis collaborative governance theory; the present situation of China’s NGOs participation in earthquake relief and barrier mechanism analysis; the experience and revelation of Japanese NGO’s involvement in earthquake relief; the reasons analysis and evaluation of NGOs’ participation in earthquake relief role differences between the two countries; the optimization of China’s NGOs participation in earthquake relief path. For this consideration, this paper aims at the Chinese and Japanese NGOs in response to the earthquake disaster of a comparative study of public crisis management mechanism, with the hope for Chinese NGOs participation in earthquake relief path to study and put forward some new ideas.