Research On The Urban One-child Families’ Pension Issues

In the late 1970 s, the Chinese government began to implement the family planning across the country population policy. Since more than 30 years of reform and opening-up in China, family planning and the one-child policy also mexicana. Since the early 1980 s, China formally put forward "a couple having only one child" policy, the population of China’s population growth has been effectively curbed, population growth rate achieved lower growth. Due to the city to carry out planning policy more thoroughly, makes the one-child families in urban areas is the city’s main form of family structure. As urban one-child gradually grow up, their parents gradually aging stage, the family of the trend of miniaturization, core, empty nest is more and more obvious, more and more people begin to pay close attention to particularity and difficulty of the one-child family pension, which brought about by the problem of endowment is becoming more and more serious and grave.China’s population problem has long been restricts the national economic and social development. In retrospect, China’s fifth census data show that in 2000, our country has entered the aging society in the early 1990 s. And, with the accelerating of China’s aging process, pension problem has clearly become a can not avoid the reality of social problems. In the current of all the family structure, the one-child family endowment is one of the largest family endowment risk, whether in the economic support, life care, or the spiritual solace, one-child family are too limited and out of puff. Sustained by the national family planning policy, in the population be controlled at the same time, the only children in our country, and the number of singleton female parents formed a certain scale. In the process of reform and opening up, China has become the world’s second largest economy, people’s material life gets larger meet, living standards have been changed dramatically. According to common sense, family pension problems seem to be as the economy improving and become readily solved. However, this is not the case. "421" family structure gradually increased along with our country, the one-child whether financially or physically or mentally are facing huge pressure to pension. In the face of such a social fact at present, study of urban one-child family endowment problem is especially important.In this article, the author combined with dalian city Shahekou District information obtained from field survey, applying the theory and method of sociology, and from the one-child parents only children two Angle of view to analyze the current urban one-child family pension are the main problems, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures of perfecting the urban one-child family pension and the suggestion. First of all, this article from the understanding of the problems of urban one-child family pension and the countermeasures to solve the problem of urban one-child family endowment two aspects has carried on the literature review. Secondly, the general situation of the endowment of one-child families in urban areas in China are described, mainly introduced the city formed the one-child family policy background, urban one-child family characteristics, scale, and the present situation of endowment. Then, combining with field investigation and the collected data, on the one hand, the basic situation of singleton female parents surveyed, health and living conditions and the analysis of the endowment ideas made. On the other hand, with the method of depth interview, interview data, according to the one child policy analysis of the current city only children endowment pressure. Finally, combining the actual situation of our urban one-child family pension, from the government, society, the one-child only-child parents and four perspectives respectively puts forward the relevant countermeasures and Suggestions.