Study On Rationality Of Human Needs In Marx

Rationality of human needs focuses on the issue of sublating alienated needs by profound consideration for realizing rational needs of human beings. Marx had studied this issue in the vision of production practice. In his Die Deutsch Ideology Marx claimed that human need is human nature. However, his theory of human nature lies in concrete and actuality, not in abstract notion such as absolute ration or perception. By emphasizing practicing, Marx revealed that human relates to society within certain production conditions, while without isolation. Marx’s thoughts on the rationality of human needs carried out in the perspective of historical materialism.As living individuals, the human needs of survival is the first to be met, and is the driving force in promoting production practice. With the development of productivity, human needs gain richness, continuing to reach high level, helping in the final liberation of human nature. Therefore, the scale and yardstick of rational human needs should be defined within the development of social history, such that adapting to the developing level of productive forces, meeting the basic needs of labor survival as a prerequisite, and ultimately aiming at conforming to the human nature.The essence of Marx’s thoughts on the issue of rationality of human needs lies in his profound concerning for human living condition. He revealed the losing condition of rational human needs in capitalism societies. That is, human needs being as the nature of human has become the alien force controlling people itself. The alienation of needs prevails. It is the circumstances that society turns lack in meeting the basic needs of labor survival, while rich in prevailing the false needs among capitalists. He further pointed out that the origin of needs alienation had been of alienation in labor, so that the internal contradiction of needs alienation should be analyzed from the production mode of capitalism. The basic requirements of realizing rationality of human needs including productivity development, collapse of private ownership, elimination of labor division, and authentic communist movement. Through practicing and creating of social history, the realization of liberation and overall development on human nature will be on the way by sublation alienation. Totality will take over the existence of human beings.This article focused on Rationality of human needs in Marx, clearing the concept of human needs from the human nature, then discussing from the social production practice reality for defining the scale of rational needs, clarifying the connotation of rationality, and then based on capitalism exploring root of the needs alienation from the loss of rational need, grasping the inherent contradictions. Finally, from the Communist movement in the development of productivity and the reality, it cleared the basic road of sublating need alienation, aiming at the freedom and liberation of human beings.