Study On The Impact Of School-Age Population Change On The Basic Education’s Resource Allocation Under The Universal Two-child Policy

"Population and education" is one of the unavoidable problems in the research of educational policy. The quantity, structure and change of population will have a profound impact on education. Among them, the change of school age population has a basic and overall role in the allocation of educational resources, and it should be paid more attention. After the implementation of the universal two-child policy, the pattern of China’s population is bound to have great changes, but for the basic education, the trend of changes of the number and the structure of school-age population is unknown yet, this brings difficulties to the planning and allocation of basic education resources. So it is very necessary to predict and evaluate the possible impact of the universal two-child policy on basic educationBased on the sixth nationwide population census data, this study used the theory and method of population prediction in demography to predict the number of school age population, the number of students and teachers, financial resources, material resources and other educational resources in Chinese basic education from 2016 to 2035.This study found that the universal two-child policy will gradually lead to a rapid increase in the basic education of the school age population, and he highest number of students of preschool, primary, middle and high school, will respectively appear in 2021, 2027, 2030 and 2033, but the impact of the time is short. With the gradual release of the historical accumulation of the birth of the population, after the number of students in the basic education reached the peak will gradually fall. Affected by this, the shortage of preschool education teachers, funding, and school buildings and other resources will continue to appear. And the funds of compulsory education and high school also exist insufficient problem, but teachers and school buildings of compulsory education and high school are basically sufficient.In order to deal with the impact of the change of school age population on the basic education under the universal two-child policy, we should know the time limit of the universal two-child policy action, further expand preschool education resources rationally and scientifically, carry out rational distribution of preschool institutions, strengthen the training of preschool teachers and supplement, increase investment in preschool education in a variety of forms, to promote the rapid development of preschool education. On the case of teachers and school buildings of compulsory education and high school are basically sufficient, we should adhere to the goal of adjusting the structure to promote quality, carrying out the reform of the supply side to promote the development of the connotation of primary and secondary education.