Related Studies Of Exercise Motivation And Exercise Self-efficacy Based On College Students’ Physical Activities

Objective: The relationships between college students’ exercise motivation, exerciseself-efficacy and exercise behavior were investigated. And the influence that differentlevels of motivation and different degree of exercise self-efficacy may make to thephysical behavior was also clarified. What’s more, a multi-regression relationshipbetween physical activity, exercise internal motivation, exercise external motivationand exercise self-efficacy was established as well. The purpose was clear thedifference of exercise motivation, exercise self-efficacy and physical behavior withthinking over specialty, gender and grade. Enriching and improving fitness theory,enhancing fitness awareness, establishing the life-long concept, providing scientificmethod ways were also purposes.Method: Carding, analyzing and generalizing the related literature were preparing forthe theoretical study.“physical exercise questionnaire for college students” by ChenShanping etc, al,“Measurement of Physical Activity Motivation”（MPAM-R）scaledby Frederick,C.M, Ryan,R.M and Chen Shanping,“Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale”byMarcus,B.H were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey about the undergraduatesof Gannan Normal University and Gannan Medical college.820questionnaires weredistributed and735valid questionnaires returned. Statistical Analysis Method wasadopted to test reliability and validity, to conduct descriptive statistical analysis,Chi-square test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis.Logical analysis method was also used to Organize, analyze and summarize.Result:(1) The college students with different gender and discipline had significantdifferences in exercise time, frequency, intensity and adherence. Different grades alsohad significant divergences in exercise time and intensity. And there were significantnegative correlation relationship between physical adherence and exercise time,frequency, intensity and items as well.(2) The discrepancies of pleasure, ability, socialcommunication, appearance, system and obedience motivation were significant whenobjects were grouped by gender. And differences of pleasure motivation and systemmotivation among the different disciplines college students were significant. As wellas the difference of different grade’s health motivation was significant. Further more,the relationship between exercise internal motivations factors were uncommonly positive correlation. And the relation between system motivation and healthmotivation, pleasure motivation, was negative correlation, but it is not significant.However, there were also no-significant negative correlation between obediencemotivation, health motivation and pleasure motivation.(3) The variations ofphysical factors, activity factor, conflicts factor between different genders studentswere significant. And the activity factor among different disciplines students hadsignificant performance. The relation among exercise self-efficacy factors wasapparent correlation. And some factors`relation were significant moderate correlation,but the others were significantly lower.(4) The relationship between exercisemotivation and exercise self-efficacy was manifestly lower correlation. Exerciseinternal motivations and exercise self-efficacy associate with exercise time, frequency,intensity and items were significantly moderate correlation. The relations betweenexercise adherence and exercise internal motivations or obedience motivation werenegative correlation. Exercise motivation had greater influence in physical activitiesthan exercise self-efficacy.Conclusion：(1) The exercise motivation might have a positive correlation withexercise self-efficacy, and might also be an intermediary variable to facilitate physicalbehavior.(2)There was an incomplete positive correlation between exercisemotivation and physical behavior. A high level of motivation might stimulate thephysical behavior‘s interest and promote exercise time, frequency and intensity.Unfortunately, it was not obvious to promote exercise adherence.(3) There was alsoan incomplete positive correlation between physical behavior and exerciseself-efficacy. Exercise adherence and exercise self-efficacy, for example, wasnegatively correlated. Physical behavior can promote college students ‘exerciseself-efficacy, but the level of college students’ self-efficacy might not obviouslyimprove exercise adherence.(4) Exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy mightbe effected by college students individual differences. The specialty, gender and gradedifferences, further more, could create variability between the exercise motivation, theexercise self-efficacy and the exercise activity. What’s more, a correlation also existsbetween the three factors. And the motivation’s affect for physical behavior wasgreater than the self-efficacy’s.