Soochow University Students’ Physical Exercise Motivation And Self-Efficacy Study

Currently, Physical exercises have already been one of the most important modesto pastime school life of most university students. The psychological effects of physicalexercise，such as motivations and Self-efficacies are more and more involved by theresearcher. University students’ physical exercise motivations, involves five dimensionsas follows: body, psychology, skill, sociology, and ideological and political. Physicalexercise Self-efficacies, which is derived from Social Cognitive Theory of A.Bandura,is used to research individuals’ confidences of participating in physical exercises incertain circumstances from the angle of Psychology.This article, which is based onMotivation Theory and Social Cognitive Theory of A.Bandura, questionnaired SoochowUniversity students to research the present situations of students’ physical exercises,and undertook brief analysis.The main research methods of this paper are as follows: questionnaire surveymethod; literature data method; mathematical statistics method; logicalanalysis.Through literature collection, questionnaire collection and compilation, andstatistical analysis, we got the results. We mainly analsis four variables in the logicalrelationship: physical exercise motivation, physical exercise persistence, exerciseself-efficacy and general self-efficacy.The basic assumption of this paper is as follows:①The questionnaire ofUniversity Students’ Physical Exercise Motivation and Self-efficacy is suitable for theresearching of university students’ physical exercises.②It is generally good of thegeneral situation of participation in physical exercise of students of Soochow University,and the exercise adherence is also good.③There are gender differences, gradedifferences of physical exercises motivations of Soochow University students, exceptdisciplines differences.④The overall score of Soochow University students’ physical exercises self-efficacies is generally good, and there are gender differences, gradedifferences and disciplines differences.The conclusions are as follows:①It is generally not so good of the generalsituation of participation in physical exercise of students of Soochow University, whilethe proportion of students insisting in regularity physical exercises is quite low, which isonly12.5%(males is19.65%,females is5.69%).②There are no exercise perioddifferences between males and females, of who are both choosing the evening period,when the students need to use the card to participate in exercise.③The main itemsstudents selected are: basketball, badminton, table tennis, fitness running, football andtennis of males, and badminton, table tennis, fitness running, aerobics, tennis andvolleyball.④It is quite low of the overall evaluations of the management and venuesand facilities for physical exercise activities.⑤The physical exercise motivationsbetween males and females students are both of identities and differences. The first sixmotivations of males are to improve health, to produce happiness, to rich cultural life, toinspire spirit, to hone will and to master motor skills; and females are to improve health,to produce happiness, to rich cultural life, to build body, to cultivate habits and toinspire spirit.⑥This article furtherly valided that self-efficacy is an importantintermediate variables between motivation and activity.⑦Students’ physical exerciseself-efficacy is overall low, and the mean score is56.94±13.45, and there are differencesbetween males and females, while males are higher; Physical exercise self-efficacy hasa specific, which means the relationships between self-efficacies in various fields andgeneral self-efficacy are not simply general and special.⑧Students’ generalself-efficacy is overall good, and the mean score is24.36±4.43, and there are nodifferences between males and females; Students’ general self-efficacy and physicalexercise self-efficacy are without directly positive correlation or negative correlationrelationship. When it is combined of gender or age, general self-efficacy is higher whilephysical exercise self-efficacy is higher, but the converse is not true.⑨Besides, thisarticle found through statistical analysis that while physical exercise self-efficacy ishigher, exercise adherence is not certain high, and the reasons are still needed toresearch. The paper put forward proposals to enhance students’ physical exercise effects asfollows:①Putting forward a number of measures from the point of view of enhancingphysical exercise self-efficacy.②Putting forward that it is effective in positively,scientifically and effectively promoting students’ physical exercises, when teachers inthe classroom prompt professional knowledge about physical exercise timely.③Puttingforward that teachers and sports club venue managers and on duties should change theconcept of themselves from managers to service providers.④Putting forward that weshould properly develop emerging sports suitable for us students, such as Frisbee.The social value, the significance and the limitation of this article are: Self-efficacyis an operational concept and dynamic. And it is more valuable to research the changesin the interventions of self-efficacy. The original intention of this article is to researchthe present situations of Soochow University students’ physical exercises, and to putforward suggestions about enhancing the effect of exercise. However, during the courseof this article, due to various reasons, such as time constraints, manpower and resourcesconstraints, the author only conducted a survey on the current status of self-efficacy andproposed intervention recommendations, without interventions. In future research, wecan enhance the study of interventions.