Research On The Nursing Pressures And Coping Strategies Of Mental Patients’Family Caregivers

Today our country is in a great period of social transformation. The social transformationpromotes to the social contradictions and then the pressures of competition and life increase,which leads to a serious threat of mental disorders to the health of the citizens. The pressuresof family caregivers become a urgent social problem. Based on the case data of observationand interview, at first, the article makes kinetic analyses and it analyzes the generation andaccumulation of family caregivers’ pressures on admission period, the early period, middleand later period and after discharge four different stages of nursing when psychiatric patientsare hospitalization in a descriptive way.Secondly, combined with the content analysis of the existing literature, the article makesa structural analyses, it summarizes the multitudinous myriad nursing pressures of mentalpatient’s family caregivers. According to the factors of the nursing pressures’ generation theauthor divided them into economic pressure, social discrimination pressures and knowledgepressures three aspects; According to the consequences caused by the nursing pressures theauthor divided them into body burden and psychological crisis.Thirdly, the author explains the dilemmas of the nursing pressures using sociologytheories. At first, role conflict caused multiple pressures: hazy understandings of nursing rolelead to pressures on knowledge, multiple roles conflicts lead to economic pressures, physicaland psychological burdens; and discourse construct makes social discrimination: mentalillness="demon possessed", mental illness=violence and injury etc. discourse constructions;in addition, the values changing results in a decrease of social supports: emotional orientationto a neutral orientation results in the utilitarianism of interpersonal relationships. Collectivismorientation to self orientation results in the decrease of helping behavior.Finally, about the ways of exploring, the strengths perspective of social work instead ofthe usual research way just focusing on the problems. For one thing, develop psychiatricfamily caregivers strengths: mining useful personal qualities, and develop the advantages ofaffective actions on nursing effects. For another, the author try to tap the existing environmentresources: create a good family atmosphere, broaden the home network, so as to increase thesupport of the family economy and emotional support; communities play their functions onpsychiatric and alleviate the pressures of the care of family members through setting up thesystem of social support and guiding the mental illness nursing, spreading knowledge of mental health; hospital set up social work departments, in order to excavate the advantagesand resources of hospital better; the government expand the scope of the outpatient expensesand reimbursement ratio, put mental disability into Minimum Living Standard, and implementmajor disease medical care insurance system. At the same time with the help of the media toimprove public understanding of mental illness the government try to relive the pressures offamily caregivers through the functional advantages.