The Research Of The Peasants’ Training Needs And Influencing Factors In Qingdao City

The Chinese government has promulgated Document No.1concerning the“three rural” issues for eleven consecutive years from2004to2014. Itemphasizes the development of modern agriculture, expansion ofagricultural and rural economy, growth of farmers’ income as well as aseries of initiatives to build the new socialist countryside. To achievethis goal, the most fundamental step is to improve the scientific andtechnological progress and the comprehensive quality of farmers, which candetermine the pace of agricultural modernization in a large extent.Therefore, the prospect of agricultural development is closely linked withthe effective exploitation of rural human resources and betteraccommodation of new cultivated peasants to the demand of agriculture andthe rural economy,.Developing the training is the fundamental way to promote thetransformation and application of agricultural science and technology. Italso can transfer surplus rural labor to the urban and other industries.Furthermore, it plays an irreplaceable and fundamental role in trainingnew farmers, cultivating modern agriculture production and operation, aswell as developing agriculture and the rural economy. Taking the Qingdaocity as an example, this paper is supported by the human resource theory,rational choice theory, public goods theory, the supply and demand balanceand other disciplines via the questionnaire. The paper makes full use ofresearch methods of both theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,summarizing the current situation, problems and characteristics of farmertraining in Qingdao. It analyses the supply and demand status and itsrelated factors of farmer training system in Qingdao comprehensively. Thus,the main conclusions of this study are as below:(1)The results of field research show that the farmers put more emphasison the short-term consideration for their own training demands while lackthe foresight of long-term training. The farming is still the main businessactivity of farmers’ family. So, they have strong demands for the appliedagricultural technology. However, the scale of farmers’ land is generallysmall. The phenomenon of rural occupation is still ubiquitous. If thereis no obvious external force, no urgent training requirements or newindustries for expansion, farmers will not participate actively in othertraining programs. The main motivation for farmers to participate intraining is the increasing family income. When farmers encounter technicaldifficulties, they always seek help from the grass-roots level agriculturaltechnology extension station and the agricultural service station. (2)The main problems of farmers’ training in Qingdao lie in the lackof overall training supply and the imbalance of supply and demand.Specifically, the supply of farmers training system in Qingdao is perfectbut the supply content is deficient. Training teachers possess high qualitywhile there is small quantity. Organizations of supply are overallinsufficient with poor coordination and continuity. In addition, thepropaganda effect of supply is not ideal, the supply of supportive fundsis not enough. Then, the grass-roots level agricultural technical personnelis scarce the form of supplying deviates from the actual demands of farmers.The insufficient effective supply which is reflected by the lack of traininginstitutions and personnel and the imbalance between supply and demand oftraining is still the most imperative factor that hinders the farmers toparticipate in the training.(3)The survey of farmers’ training demand in Qingdao shows thatfarmers’ willingness to participate in training is quite strong. Accordingto the practical technology content, farmers tend to be more interestedin planting training and crop pest control training. Speaking of theoccupation skills, they are more inclined to seed sales, vegetablegardening and biogas engineering training. When related to other kinds ofknowledge or skill requirements, they are inclined to the marketinformation, business information and business information managementtraining. Farmers are more willing to accept on-site guidance training.Short-term training arrangements in slack season are most welcomed byfarmers. They are more inclined to choose township and village towardstraining site selection. Government departments and association ofprofessional and technical training provided are most recognized by thefarmers. The scientific experts and the government technical personnel areaccepted as the training teacher type.(4)The significant factors of farmers participating in the trainingin Qingdao mainly include: raising the income level, family size, familyland scale, training time, training type a total of five variables, in whichthe level of raising income and family land size are related to participatein training are positive correlation；Family size, training time andtraining type are related to participate in training are negativelycorrelation. In addition, gender, age, educational level, participationin training, family labor size, family income, the location factor a totalof five variables also influence the will to participate training in acertain degree. The influence of different factors on the willingness oftraining is not the same.The targeted policy recommendations were put forward by the resultsof the final article including the theoretical analysis and empiricalanalysis. I think we should increase financial support, policy advocacyefforts and financial investment. By this way, a long-term mechanism wouldbe formed gradually and kept steady growth. At the same time, we also should attract social or personal capital investment, improve the diversifiedinvestment mechanism on training farmers, accelerate the process ofsecondary vocational education free, prominent the public nature of farmertraining, establish farmers’ training evaluation mechanism, expand thesocial impact of farmer training, establish and improve the progressivelyassessment mechanism which is used to educate and train farmers, intensifypropaganda on farmer training. Meanwhile, reasonable arrangements fortraining is vital, which will make the training meet the actual needs offarmers. What is more, making reasonable arrangements for training methods,time and place, and optimizing the training of farmers play an importantrole, which aims to enhance the importance of farmers’ training onvocational skills and comprehensive skills. We should strengthen theconstruction of grass-roots agricultural technology servicesystem, define the public function of farmer training, strengthen theconstruction of grass-roots agricultural technology extensionsystem, strengthen the construction of rural teachertraining system, strengthen the agricultural training base construction.