Research On The Implementation Of Government’s Responsibilities In Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education

Educational equity is the starting point of social justice, and receiving fair education is the basic right of a citizen. Promoting the balanced development of compulsory education is of great significance to promoting educational fairness, maintaining social justice and building a harmonious society. Meanwhile, it isaoalso an important goal and task in the national education reform and development, and the responsibility of the governments at all levels. In recent years, regarding compulsory education as a strategic task, China has perfected the laws and regulations, made policies and plans to speed up the pace of the balanced development of compulsory education. However, the current situation of the balanced development of compulsory education is not optimistic in that there are great differences of education resources between urban and rural, regions and schools and the problem that it is difficult to go to good schools is still very prominent, so educational fairness arouses the social concern. What’ s worse, whether the government carries out the responsibility is still worrying, because the problem of lacking government’ s responsibility is serious. In response to this situation, this thesis, taking Yulin City as a case, studies on carrying out the government’ s responsibility in the balanced development of compulsory education to seek for its countermeasures. Based on the investigation and study on the current situation of compulsory education in Yulin City, this thesis analyzes the unbalanced development of compulsory education and lack of government’s responsibility, according to which, this thesis puts forward countermeasures and suggestions of implementing the government’s responsibility.This thesis can be divided into six parts.The first part introduces the background of the selected topic, research significance, research status at home and abroad and the research mentality and the method.The second part defines the key concepts and explains the theoretical bases. It defines balanced development of compulsory education, government’s responsibility and government’s responsibility in balanced development of compulsory education. Besides, it explains the theoretical bases of this research topic from the perspectives of education equity theory, public goods theory and public service-oriented government theory.The third part analyzes the present situation of the balanced development of compulsory education and the implementation of government’ s responsibility in Yulin City. Through the comparative analysis, the author thinks that the unbalanced development of compulsory education in Yulin City is mainly for the imbalance in the financing investment in urban and rural areas and counties, in teacher allocation and in schooling conditions. Although recently governments at all levels in Yulin City have taken a lot of measures to promote the balanced development of compulsory education which indeed have made success, there still exists the absence of government’s responsibility, mainly for the absence of planning responsibility, fiscal responsibility, liability for the allocation of resources, policy implementation responsibility and management responsibility.The fourth part analyzes the influential factors of the absence of government’s responsibility in the balanced development of compulsory education. Analyzing from the compulsory education management system, subject of liability and external constraint mechanism, the author believes that the primary cause of the absence of government’s responsibility in the balanced development of compulsory education is the imperfection of county-oriented rural compulsory education management system; the internal cause is the government’s subject factor including insufficient understanding and deviation, lack of executive ability and the imperfect planning, decision-making, policy implementation, supervision and evaluation mechanism; and the important cause is the external constraint mechanism including imperfect education legal system and the lack of social supervision.The fifth part analyzes the experience of balanced development of compulsory education abroad. The author considers that establishing the financial security mechanism that highlights the central and provincial responsibility, establishing and improving laws, regulations and policies that guarantee the development of compulsory education, establishing an effective mechanism of allocating compulsory education resources evenly and establishing a mechanism for evaluation abroad have a great significance for reference to the government’s promoting the balanced development of the compulsory education in China.The sixth part brings forward countermeasures and suggestions to the implementation of government’s responsibility, which are proposed from six aspects in view of the existing problems. The first suggestion is perfecting the system of compulsory education financial investment guaranteeing education funds and improving the county-oriented compulsory education management system clearing the responsibility of governments at all levels. The second is making scientific and dynamic compulsory education plans, establishing overall coordinate legal system and supervision mechanism to guarantee the implementation of plans. The third is making policies and systems of allocating compulsory education resources evenly and exploring the scientific management mode for balancing and sharing resources. The fourth is perfecting the supervision and evaluation, and implementing the administrative accountability system. The fifth is establishing a performance evaluation to play the role of social supervision. The last to be highlighted is that the government must strengthen the awareness of responsibility and improve its execution in order to ensure the policies of balanced development of compulsory education in place.