| The1980s-origined "school choice movement" is an important measure in the primary and secondary schools of the United States. Represented by school vouchers, the American school choice system plays a big role in optimizing the modern educational structure. In1995, the school voucher system was first proposed by Milton Friedman, a Nobel laureate in economics. The school voucher system aims to enhance the competition between schools and promote the educational marketization by breaking the monopolistic position of public schools in the primary and secondary education as well as expanding the choices of parent.China is in the crucial period of building "a well-off society in an all-round way". The paradox between the unbalanced educational development, the shortage of educational funds and the growing demand of educational resources requires paying equal attention to both educational equity and educational efficiency. Furthermore, the primary and secondary education is the foundation of educational cause. Pursuing both the educational equity and educational efficiency in the primary and secondary education has great significance which is the important strategy for advancing the harmonious development of the society.It has been24years since the first school voucher plan carried out in1990, which called "Milwaukee Parental Choice Program". Meanwhile, the other countries have also developed such system. Since Changxing County in Zhejiang Province has first adopted the American voucher plan in2000, the idea has gained considerable public currency afterwards.The aim of this thesis is to find the most suitable school voucher model for China by evaluating the two typical types of American school voucher models from educational equity and educational efficiency point of view. The analysis of those offers references and inspiration for establishing the educational theoretical model, making and implementing educational policies.This thesis is divided into six parts:First of all, the introduction part introduces the aim of the thesis and its theoretical approach to the study. And then reviews the existing literature about equality, efficiency and school voucher in general.Chapter1draws on the background and theoretic foundation of school voucher system.Chapter2defines and discusses the equality and efficiency.Chapter3evaluates the two models of the school voucher system respectively from the educational equality and educational efficiency perspectives.Chapter4Shifts focus to Chinese voucher plan by taking the school voucher practice in Changxing County and Jianli County for instance, and then comes to the conclusion that the model of school vouchers we choose should depend on the local conditions. So far, the limited school voucher model fits the region of educational resources shortage better.Last but not the least; Chapter5provides suggestions that suitable for the reality of China to improve both the educational equality and efficiency. |
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