Utilitarian Orientation And Value Orientation:Social Workers’ Professional Identity

With the deepening of the reform and opening up and accelerating of the social modernization, the government has started to change its social management style from "management" to "governance", the role of social work in this process has drawn increasing attention. But what can not be ignored is that there is a dilemma in the social work development process. On one hand, as a major,the development of social work can not meet the needs of the society; On the other hand,the social workers turnover rate is high, while their professional identity is not high. Currently academic researches on professional identity of social workers are few.In some studies, many scholars tend to explore the influencing factors of social workers professional identity,without a clear framework. What is more, these studies can not reveal how these effect factors influence the role of the social worker’s professional identity.In this paper, the theoretical framework is from Weber’s value rationality theory.Considering this theory,we can build a framework:the utilitarian orientation and value orientation. I selected income and welfare as the core explanatory variables of the utilitarian orientation, and choose the acceptance of social work profession and religious status as the core explanatory variable. Data in this paper is from Professor Liu Linping’s research team which is from Nanjing University. They did a survey about 100 social work institutions and their staff in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhuhai from July to August.198 individual questionnaires of these social workers were carried out. The author constructed ologit model (ordinal logistic model) to analyze the data, the results show:Firstly, social workers are utilitarian in general; secondly, social work certificate as the moderator plays a role between income and professional identity; Thirdly, the value orientation factors also affect the occupational identity of social workers by the impact of age and domicile as two manipulated variable. For the three conclusions, I propose to the government policy of four proposals:raise social workers’income and establish industry guidance of social work; establish vocational qualification certificate of social work; focus on the establishment of social workers’professional philosophy;raise awareness of the public ahout social work, give social workers preferential policies.