The Effect Of Father Involvement On Children’s Social Withdrawl-mediating Effects And Intervention Of Social Skills

This research selects the children of 3-6 years old and their fathers as research object, trying to understand the situation and the characteristics of father involvement, evaluating the current situation of children’s social skills and social withdrawal from both parents and teachers,researching the relationships among father involvement,social skills and social withdrawal of children, validating the effectiveness of group games to enhance children’s social-skill level, to provide basis for effectively improving father involvement and children’s social-skill level,and for reducing social withdrawal behavior.This research can be mainly divided into four parts:Firstly,to investigate and analyse the actuality of father involvement,social skills and social withdrawal by Inventory of Father Involvement made by Hawkins,the scale of children’s social skills and the scale of social withdrawal from Behavior scale for children made by Achenbach among 855 children. This research suggests that father involvement and children’s social skills are generally at a upper-middle level, and social withdrawal is at a lower-middle level.There are significant gender differences among the “discipline and restrain” dimension of father involvement,the four dimensions(“emotional feeling”, “emotional control”,“verbal expression” and “verbal feeling”) of social skills reported by parents and the three dimensions(“emotional expression,” “emotional feeling” and “verbal control”) of social skills reported by teachers. There are significant age differences among the two dimensions(“interactive communication” and “indirect support”) of father involvement reported by parents,the two dimensions( “emotional feeling” and “verbal control”) of children’s social skills reported by teachers and social withdrawal. Father involvement has significant differences in both parents’ education level and occupation.Secondly,to research the relationships among father involvement, social skills of children and social withdrawal.The research reported by parents shows that, children’s social withdrawal has significant negative correlations with social skills and father involvement.Except for the “emotional control” dimension, social skills and father involvement has significant positive correlation. Teachers’ research shows that,except for the “discipline and restrain” dimension of father involvement, there are different degrees of significant positive correlations between every other dimension of father involvement and the dimensions of “emotion expression”, “verbal expression,” “verbal feeling”, “verbal control” of children’s social skills. Except for the “emotion expression” dimension, there are significant negative correlations between every other dimension of father involvement and social withdrawal.Meanwhile,social withdrawal has a significant positive correlation with the “emotional control” dimension of children’s social skills,but also has significant negative correlations with the rest dimensions of children’s social skills.Thirdly,to mediate the effect of children’s social skills. By using the Structural·Equation·Modeling,we find that father involvement has significant negative prediction effection in children’s social withdrawal. Social skills have complete intermediary effect in the prediction of father involvememnt for children’s social withdrawal. Parents and teachers report consistent results.Finally, to intervent children’s social-skill level and social withdrawal behavior by establishing collective game plans,in order to improve children’s social-skill level, reducing the social withdrawal behavior. We select two natural classes as the control group and experiment group, using the results of the questionnaire before intervention as a pre-test, experimenting the research of the intervention of collective game. We use the Children’s Social Skills Scale and Social Withdrawal Subscales for a re-text three months later.It suggests that collective game is effective in preventing the behavior of social withdrawal, and verifies the possibility of reducing social withdrawal in kindergarten.