| Due to vigorous developing of society,more and more people are giving people with disabilities more humanistic concerns. People with account for a large part of population proportion, and adults with intellectual disabilities are less concerned compared to children with intellectual disabilities. Adults with intellectual disabilities have passed the critical period of growth. Their physical fitness are declined due to lack of exercise and unhealthy habits. While, they still have needs for health and exercise. Keeping healthy conditions for people with intellectual disabilities have positive impact on society.Through literature reviews, aerobics videos, theoretical knowledge of anatomy and exercise physiology, and interviews with teachers work in “Sunshine Home”, this study worked out a self-designed aerobic exercise which they could do everyday based on characteristics, interests and current situation of adults with intellectual disability. Self-designed aerobic exercise is flexible with space and weather. With changeable beats, emphasizing orders, extension of stop time, strengthening tips and other adjustments, it is able for students with intellectual disabilities to learn. Video and audio recording were made to give multidimensional sensory stimuli in the visual,auditory and motion perception.To investigate the effects of self-designed aerobics exercise on energy metabolism and physical fitness of adults with intellectual disabilities, this study conducted experimental research in "Sunshine Home" of a community in Shanghai. Examples were 22 people with 15 female and 8 male. They were asked to do the self-designed aerobics exercises 2 times every day in 15 minutes. Using V-BODY HBF-375 measurement, tape measure, sit-and-reach, stop watch and exercise met, body weight,basal metabolism,basal metabolic age, waist and hip circumference, flexibility,balance and sit-up were tested respectively. Data was analyzed between pre-test and pos-test.Results:1.Self-designed aerobics exercises can significantly less sizes of waist and hip of AWID, decrease their fat around waist and buttocks.2.Self-designed aerobics exercises showed significantly effects on younger trends of age metabolism. Basal metabolism has significantly improved compared with pre-test.3.Self-designed aerobics exercises strengthened AWID the power of waist and balance skills, while had insignificant improvement of flexibility.4.Self-designed aerobics exercises can significantly reduce content of visceral fat of AWID, while had insignificant effects of content and rate of body fat.Suggestions:1. In the preparation of training methods, Professional instructors should have a clear understanding of AWID’s age, gender, type and degree of disability subjects to predicting their participation of each sports activity.2. Researchers can provide a variety exercises to give AWID plenty choices according to their personal preferences, then help to formulate concept of autonomy. Considering preferences and participation, researchers can decide the enduring time of exercise, encourage their inner motivation, broadcast concept of movement and establish their believes of lifelong sport.3.Observe the completion of each activity, adapt facilities, equipment, rules,circumstances and strategies in time, and use physical prompt assistance to make better understanding and participate in adjustment decisions4. In sports activities, instructors should pay attention to the moods of AWID and praise their positive performance, such as exciting, health, happiness and self-confidence in time, and adjust their stress, fatigue and other negative states.5. During the activity, researchers should regard people with disabilities as normal individuals. They have rights to receive different opportunities in life, access lifelong skills, have sufficient cultural improvement and human services. They want to be confirmed as valuable people and be accepted as members of society. |
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