Research On Disparity Of Minorities’ Access To Higher Education With Different Strata Background Of Xinjiang

Fair college entrance opportunity is often regarded as the premise of education fairness, which is the starting point of education fairness. For the children of poor families, to accept the higher education almost can be regarded as their only chance of self achievement, realization of upward mobility in society. However, entrance opportunity of higher education often involve the students family social capital, economic capital, cultural capital and many other social class indicators, Xinjiang complex ethnic composition as well as the present situation of regional economic development disparities have made the social stratification shows the rules and characteristics of unique, which directly or indirectly lead to higher education social stratum difference. Therefore, study on the difference of different social strata in Xinjiang minority enrollment opportunities for higher education is particularly important.Based on a questionnaire of minority students from 10 different types of universities in Xinjiang, explores their basic situation of social, economic and cultural capital of family background and their views about college’s charge policies, aid system for poor undergraduates and the factors which affect the professional choices. Then by using the statistical software SPSS19.0 to comprehensive analysis the survey data from stratification mobility rate, the distribution of university and the specialty between minority college students with different strata background, multi-factor analysis of variance, crosstab and other related statistical indicators. Based on the above study found that there is significant difference in Xinjiang on minorities’ access to higher education with different strata background. Some conclusions were also elicited: access to higher education of minority students with the advantage class is far greater than the disadvantages class; there is significant difference in Xinjiang on minorities’ access to the type of universities with different strata background; there is significant difference in Xinjiang on minorities’ access to the different major with different strata background. According to the results, combined interview data about some minority college students, teachers and didn’t receive the higher education of minority school-age youth to analyzie the reasons that led to disparity of minorities’ access to higher education with different strata background from construction of the faculties, school teaching advanced facilities,loan system and family background. Eventually found that the major reasons that led to the unequal access to higher education among minority students in Xinjinag are the disparity of school’s environment, infrastructure, quality of education, teaching staffs, management system between school. The factors of economic capital about family learning resources, learning environment, the differences between professional fees and family structure, family culture. The factors of cultural capital about family cultural atmosphere,abilities to retrieve, obtain information and parents expect. The factors of social capital about quantity and quality of social relationship networks, parents’ occupation and enperience.these factors are the major reasons that led to disparity of minorities’ access to higher education with different strata background. This research is based on the current situation of study and the development of xinjiang education, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to control and narrowing theisparity of minorities’ access to higher education with different strata background of Xinjiang: increasing student loans propaganda, improving the sponsor policy and system for schooling, making policies that benefit the poorer class of society, increasing basic educational investment in poor areas in Xinjiang, enhancing the support to higher education in the South of Xinjiang; establishing information platform, improving the quality of the nationality teachers, improving the assistance system for poor minority undergraduates; adjustmenting specialty structure of colleges; boost parents’ information consciousness and cultural qualification, upgrading traditional views and concept.The value of this study lies in: To begin with, it is beneficial to enrich the basic theories of disparity of minorities’ access to higher education with different strata background in Xinjiang. In the second place, it is helpful to understand the status quo of disparities for minorities’ access to higher education, reveal the deep-seated reasons, provides some reliable theoretical proofs for narrowing the gap between classes of ethnic higher education access. What’s more, is beneficial to promote the development of higher education of the xinjiang minority nationality, strengthen region self-development ability, promote social harmony and stability of xinjiang.