Study On Sleep Quality Of Students In A Medical University And Intervention

Background Sleep is closely related to people’s health. About one-third of human’s life is spent in sleep. Enough sleep helps human’s brain and body have a rest and recover, also can improve the body’s immune system, help people maintain normal daily activities. But with the rapid development of modern society, changes in the human living environment and the increase of pressure make this basic psychological activity affected greatly, jet Lag, shift work and other modern way of life increased sleeping problems significantly. Sleep quality of young people at the peak of growth and development of is also not optimistic. Morrison and other reporters show that 10%～23% adolescents have different degrees of sleep disorder problems such as difficulty in falling asleep, waking up too early and so on. In our country, up to 13.93%～44.8% teenagers were tested with sleep disorders, especially focus on high school and college students, In 2010,Lin Rongmao and other researchers, who analyzed the sleep quality of young students in China in recent 15 years, say that teenagers in PSQI scores and subjective sleep quality, sleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction were significantly higher than that of normal adults and prompt that sleep disorders are also common problems that plague college students’ mental health. Long- term sleep disorders can lead to disorders of the brain and body function, memory decline, neurasthenia, endocrine disorders, decreased resistance, increased psychological problems, seriously affecting the daily lives of young people, these do not favor the physical and psychological health of college students. Adolescent sleep problems are not only an individual health problem, but also a strategic problem affecting the future development of a country. Now, sleeping medication, psychological behavior intervention and Chinese conditioning are main directions of the study and treatment on sleep disorders at home and abroad. Sleeping pills in the treatment of sleep disorders is remarkable in the short-term effect. However, the side effects of long-term use of trigger cannot be ignored. Psychological behavior intervention is mainly used with drug therapy, but the effect is poor when used alone. As far as treatment of insomnia is concerned, Traditional Chinese medicine is focused on the overall adjustment. Among the means of Chinese medicine treatment, acupuncture, massage on points and prescriptions like Mind-easing Tonic pills, sleep ling Dan capsule, and Yang Xin Tang are proved to be effective in the treatment of sleep disorders.Purposes1.Investigate the correlation between college students’ sleep quality and situation of traditional Chinese medicine constitution and to find entry point for improving sleep.2. Help college students to develop good sleeping and living habits with the guidance of TCM theory,and looking for a simple, effective and appropriate way to promote the sleep intervention.Methods1. The stratified sampling methods are used to survey the undergraduates in grades 1 to 5 from a medical university.Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was applied to assess the sleep quality and Chinese traditional medicine constitution of the students so as to get the baseline data. And use spearman rank correlation coefficient to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and different constitution of Chinese medicine.2. Choose the junior majoring in preventive medicine in the early investigation of the school selected students with insomnia as the object of intervention pilot, and divide them into contrasted group and experimental group randomly to conduct two months of sleep behavior intervention experiment. The contrasted group is only given lectures about sleep health and traditional Chinese medicine physique health education, while experimental group based on increased sleep behavior intervention combined with TCM, including bedtime habits, hostel environment changes, such as exercise and diet control, the head of the dormitory and the team leader in the trials will monitor the implementation of intervention. Two groups, respectively, in the 30 and 60 days after interventions focused feedback sleep recently, fill in Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale. Rank and test analysis of the experimental group and contrasted group improved sleep if there is a difference.Results1. The results of the survey of the medical students’ sleep quality1.1550 questionnaires were given out and 500 effective recalled.the survey of 500 medical students, boys accounted for 32.6%(163), girls accounted for 67.4% (337),including 25%(95) freshmen,13.6% (68)sophomore students,23.8%(119)third grade students,25.8%(129) fourth grade students accounted for,17.8% (89)fifth grade science students.1.2 The survey’s PSQI score was (5.26+ 3.136).99 people have varying degrees of insomnia (PSQI total score greater than or equal to 8), accounting for 19.8% of the total number, insomnia students,38 males and 61 females. The inspection of boys and girls in sleep quality had no statistical significance in total score of PSQI(Conscious sleep quality:Z=0.588, P=0.557; Sleep latency:Z=0.127, P=0.899; Sleep time:Z=0.264, P=0.792; Sleep efficiency:Z=0.140, P=0.889; Sleep disorder:Z=1.445, P=0.149; Hypnotic drugs:Z=0.754, P=0.451; Daytime dysfunction:Z=0.196 , P=0.845).The students from different placesjust scoredsignificantly on consicious sleep quality, students from city scores significantly higher than students from countryside (P= 0.017),and students of different grades also exist significant differences in sleep quality (=21.111, P=0.000).The first-grade occupy the lowest rate in the number of insomnia and the fourth-grade hold the highest proportion.1.3 The investigation of TCM Constitution includes 500 medical students,29.4% (147) of the students are for peace constitution, while students of 70.6% (353) are biased constitution. The top three in the intervening deflective Constitution is: deficiency of 88 people (17.6), deficiency of 77 people (15.4), yin deficiency with 44 people (8.8).1.4 There are significant differences (P= 0.024)between the different grades in the occurrence rate of biased constitution, the students in grade one have the lowest percentage of the biased constitution,while the students in grade 4 own the highest. There are significant differences between different genders in biased constitution’s percentage (P= 0.011).Female biased constitution occurrence rate is higher than the male. The survey found that clip physique occurrence rate of two or more than two kinds of physical characteristics existing at the same time in biased constitution is higher, accounted for 72.5% of the total number of biased constitution (256/353).1.5 Sort the TCM constitutions according to their PSQI scores,then do correlation tests between PSQI total score and TCM Constitution by using Spearman rank,and results show that the PSQIscore and the peacefulconstitution are negatively correlated (r=-0.197,p=0.017), and Yin deficiency physique (r=0.302,p=0.049), the wet-heat type (r=0.362,p=0.023), special intrinsic qualities (r=0.577,p= 0.003) show a positive correlation.1.6 Comparing the differences between single biased matter and clip physique in sleep quality, we can see that the total scores of PSQI exist statistical differences (Z=4.035, P<0.001). Shown by the differences between two groups on the seven factors, the two constitutionsalso have significant distinctions in consicious sleep quality (Z=3.874, P<0.001)), sleep latency (Z=2.720, P=0.007), daytime obstacle (Z=3.679, P<0.001).2. Data analysis of the effect of the intervention measures2.1 Set up contrasted group and experimental group, following the principles of informed consent and voluntary, randomized grouping, cross reference and harmless. Data analysis results show that the contrasted group and the intervention group had no significant differences in age, gender, constitution of student nationalities and sleep quality etc., which have good balance.2.2 Intervention after 30 days, when contrasting sleeping quality of the contrasted group and the intervention group, the two groups not only have significant difference (=5.333 P= 0.000) in the PSQI scores but also in A(subjective sleep quality), B(sleep latency), E(sleep disorders).Intervention After 60 days, the PSQI scores of the contrasted group and the intervention group still have significant difference (=6.170, P=0.000)and the differences in B(time of falling asleep), E(sleep disorders) and G(daytime dysfunction) are also statistical.2.3 Make time longitudinal analysis on the test results, compare the difference in sleep quality of the experimental group at baseline, interfering for 30 days and 60 days. The result display that the PSQI scores of the experimental group in three time points is significantly different. (=32.109, P<0.01)Seen from the rank value, the PSQI total score of the baseline is the largest, (2.86) 30 days after ranks second (1.76)and 60 days after is the lowest (1.38).It makes a great statistical significance in improving A (subjective sleep quality),B(sleep latency),C(sleep time),E(sleep disorders)and G(daytime dysfunction)of the experimental group.2.4 Analyze of changes in TCM Constitution after the intervention and results show that,the experimental group changed its constitution in traditional Chinese medicine types:deficiency of mass reduction 1; Qi quality reduces 2 cases; increased wet-heat type 2 cases, deficiency of mass increased 1 case; Constitution judging scores of other subjects with varying degrees of decline.Conclusion1. The incidence rate of sleep disorder of students in this medical university was19.8%, the incidence of sleep disorders in the area are flat.2. The incidence rate of biased constitution in college students was up to 70.6%, higher than 55.3% which was investigated in Lingnan area by Morun Tian in 2010.3. The TCM Costitution has some relevanc to college students’ sleep quality,peaceful constitution plays a protective role in sleep,while biased Constitution is more prone to sleep disorders.4. To some extent, the intervention of sleep can improve the students’sleeping situation, which is effective especially in improving the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep time, night waking and the daytime function.5.Data shows hat the improvement of sleep quality in the experiental group was better than the contrasted group.,so we concluded that it was not obvioussolely relyingon strengthening education, increasing emphasis to change the students’ routine to improve the quality of sleep.From the interviews, we learned that students of poor self-control and consciousness, must rely on schools of compulsory measures to help to develop their supervision and self-management.6.The effect of the intervention to students in traditional Chinese medicine is not remarkable,and the process of prompting adjustment constitution is more complex and taking more time. What’s more,different kinds of constitutions have different characteristics which can get remarkable results only with more personalized intervention measures. It’s proposed that they can make adjustment to stay happy and peaceful, exercise regularly, have reasonable diet, have a good habit of life, in a word adjust according to their own physical characteristics.