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Japan’s Declining Birthrate Policy Experience And Its Enlightenment To Our Country’s Low Birth Rate Policy

Posted on:2017-04-25Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:X H FengFull Text:PDF
GTID:2297330482973255Subject:Administrative Management
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Nowadays sub-replacement fertility (low fertility rate) has became a great issuer for most developed countries, whereas developed countries such as India and China are paying close attention to this issue. Therefore it is clear that low fertility rate is a serious problem that we are facing. Japan specifically has suffered from low fertility rate. Since 1980, low fertility rate combined with late marriage age and childbearing age has sustained worsen, nowadays more and more young Japanese couple even choose to have no kids. This issue has bothered Japanese government over decades, whereas it impacts the economy and society negatively. Meanwhile, Chinese population has changed dramatic over the last half century. Chinese population has rapidly increased from its founding until the 1970, whereas it was strictly relegated by PRC government after reform and open of China, as a result nowadays China contributes one eighth of earth population, precisely 1.38 trillion. According to Professor Hao Yin (university of Jilin, north east Asia department), "examine the current result, I believe that China is entering the low fertility rate and low growth rate of new burns, which means soon China will be effect by sub-replacement fertility." One child policy is indeed an effective tool to maintain population growth, which increases citizen’s life qualities in average. On the other hand, a few potential problems that have been concealed under the one child policy. For example social security issue,aging population, deficiencies of labor and military troops. Whereas after twenty one century, the long term effects of low fertility rate to China are unaccountable. However low fertility rate is not merely an economic concept that includes pure population loss, deficiency of human capital and aging population. Nevertheless it is indeed a global concern for every human beings since it is stricter related to social development. Nowadays China displays a great interest in aging population but not in low fertility rate. However low fertility rate has more profound impacts in long term. Because fertility is the foundation of social growth, whereas sustainable population growth is the key point of constant economic growth.This essay contains four parts. Firstly it explores current states of low fertility rate in Japan and corresponding policies that the government apply. In addition, the causes for low fertility rate, its negative effects toward the society and several procedures that Japan government takes in the last 90’s. Meanwhile it provides a solid reference and foundation for later chapter. Second part analysis low fertility rate current states in China, which includes direct and indirect reason. And the trend line for Chinese population changes from it’s founding until now and how does population variation effect society in different aspects. Thirdly, it investigates how does the government comes up with one child policy and the reasons for low fertility rate. In addition it provides background information about one child policy, its development, its relevant effects and feedback, relevant relegations or law and its future outcomes. Lastly, it summarizes overall experience for the procedures that Japanese government has taken, and then it proposes the possible policies for China from both administration and public management perspectives.
Keywords/Search Tags:low fertility rate, public policy and one child policy
PDF Full Text Request
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