The Research On The Fertility Intentions Of Women Of Child-Bearing Age Under The Two-Child Policy

At present,China's population problem is becoming increasingly prominent,from the previous "population explosion" crisis to the present "population dividend" gradually fading worries;from the population structure of the labor force population as the main body,to the present population pattern with the deepening trend of aging.Accordingly,it will increase the burden of social support,increase the consumption of social wealth,and weaken the vitality of social economy and other issues.To this end,the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to launch a comprehensive two-child policy,that is,one couple can have two children,which is a timely reform measure to address the above problems.However,how much can this measure promote the development of population in China and how it affects the future trend of population development in China,we need to study the fertility desire of women of childbearing age.Taking Zhangshu City in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study mainly adopts the method of literature research to sort out the evolution of family planning policy in our country,especially to analyze the impact of population structure and change in Zhangshu City.By questionnaire survey,some women of childbearing age are randomly selected as the target group in Ganyang Street,Daqiao Street,Lujiang Street,Fucheng Street and Zhangjiashan Street of Zhangshu City.The four dimensions of fertility intention(ideal number of children,reproductive purpose,gender preference and time of marriage and childbearing)were investigated empirically,and the influencing factors of fertility and conception of fertility were deeply interviewed on the basis of questionnaire data.Investigation and research found that women of childbearing age in Zhangshu City generally have a higher desire to have two children,but there are also general anxiety about child rearing,especially for the cost and quality of education of children,the most concentrated anxiety,the weaker impact of fertility policy,while other factors are more dominant;and there are deviations between ideal fertility desire and actual fertility behavior,including gender bias.Not obvious,and there is a certain trend of girls' preference.As a result,firstly,influenced by traditional concepts,young people in the new era are different from the older generation in their expectation of "good" for one child and one daughter;secondly,young people in the new era are different from the older generation in their emphasis on bringing up their children with enough food and clothing;they pay more attention to the upbringing of their children,especially modern education,starting from various quality trainingclasses at a young age,to school-choosing,supplementary classes and accompanying studies at school;thirdly,they are equal between men and women in the long Under the propaganda and education,the idea of preference for boys over girls has been weakened.On the contrary,because of various realistic objective economic factors,the preference trend of girls has been strengthened.Finally,in view of the fact that the fertility policy has a weak influence on the fertility intention,while other factors are dominant,this paper puts forward relevant suggestions from three levels: the government's fertility policy,economic education and propaganda.It is more scientific and complete in transmission and guidance;secondly,society creates a better atmosphere of fertility desire;thirdly,individuals are more rational in the issue of fertility choice and reproductive upbringing.