Research On Rural Family Fertility Intention And Incentive Policy Design Under The Background Of "Comprehensive Two-Child"

Since the year of 1980,our government called for "one couple,one child"policy,the total fertility rate of our country has remained at 1.5 roughly,which caused a series of social problems,such as workforce shortage,support burden and pension demand to squelch the economic growth.The disappearance of the demographic dividend inhibits the development of the economy.The universal two-child policy will comply with the status quo of birth,promote balance population growth,and increase the supply of labor to promote the development of society and economy.With the demographic dividend theory and the public policy implementation theory of Smith as basis,combined with our family planning policy and the analysis of family planning history,the thesis investigates the background of the universal two-child policy and analyzes the positive effects,negative effects and the policy implementation under the universal two-child policy from aging of population,low total fertility rate,disappearing demographic dividend,the limitations of the one-child policy,unknown risk of lacking the only child and the burden of the "421”family model.Therefore the thesis takes investigation data of a part of family in Xinji country of Yizheng city by questionnaire,field work and literature review to investigate the influence factors and the incentive policy of the implementation of the universal two-child policy.According to the sample data to understand the fertility concept,fertility desires,sex preference,the number of the children wanted,it found that the influence factors of fertility intentions of rural family are personal factors,the gender of first child,family financial status,someone taking care of children,the change of views on family planning and policy of government subsidies.As a consequence,the thesis summarizes the incentive measures of the universal two-child policy in rural areas from function,medical,education,service,funds and employment which the related government departments should take measures to improve the fertility intentions and prepare for a baby boom.These measures will be used to guide and promote the population structure of the family of child-bearing age,especially to promote the balance population growth in rural areas.The economical and social problems will be solved step by step which was caused by the ageing and the low birth rate.