The Choice Of The "Arena"——Why Graduates Choose Metropolitan Area Employment?

At present stage, because of the university enrollment expansion, the number of college students increased year by year, the employment pressure is more and more significant.With the reform of economic system in our country, profound changes have taken place in higher education system. Employment system was transformed from the original model with a unified sub-system into a two-way choice.The employment environment of college students became more freedom, the ideas of college students have also changed. In recent years, on account of the huge gap of China’s regional economic development level and income level,the trend of college students to choose jobs in big cities is more and more obvious. So it causes the number of students going to big cities overload and it is hard for small and medium-sized cities to introduce talents and retain talents.Therefore,a study of the causes and the impact of college students’ employment choice has extremely important theoretical significance and practical significance. It is helpful to promote an appropriate amount of movement of personnel,solve the difficult employment of college students and promote the coordinated development of regional economy.Current researches on college students’ employment liquidity are mainly on empirical study and labor market segmentation theory, often with little regard for the endogenous mechanism of college students’ employment choice. Based on the theory of competition mechanism, this article regarded the college students to find a job as a race and analyzed that college students taking a job in a big city is how to realize through the employment competition, thus the text provided a framework of endogenous motivation and effects on college students’ employment choice. This paper illustrates the causes and the negative influence of college students choose to work in big cities and proposed some related suggestions. This article argues that the main reason for the college students want to work in big cities is the economic vitality of big cities and higher living standards. Compared with urban small and medium-sized cities, large cities has more preferential treatment and better space for development. It has the more opportunities to achieve own dreams in big city and their outlook on life and values are agreed on.By a contest model based on contest success function, this paper demonstrates that college students get the opportunity to work in a big city is to rely on relative effort, rather than absolute.So finding a job in a big city is not only about their own efforts and strength, but it is all about security.Firstly,college students’ expectations of looking for a job in big cities is influence on how hard he find a job and college students will pay more efforts to get the job if they think they can realize own effectiveness maximization.Secondly,under the competition mechanism,the more efforts college students pay, the more opportunity to find work they get.Competitors to participate in the competition not only want money and material rewards, also hope to get honor and fame. It has more job opportunities in big cities, more fair and beneficial to self-realization.Compared with the small and medium-sized cities, large cities have more opportunities. Working in big cities can get more competitive benefits, both economic benefits and non-economic benefits are more abundance financially than that of the small and medium-sized city states. There’s no question that working in big cities can obtain higher wages than the small city, at the same time that education benefits, consumer income, and health benefits are also better than that of the small and medium-sized cities.Finally,the number of college students’employment should be within a certain range limit in big cities,because excessive competition causes many negative impacts.For example,it causes unbalanced regional economic development,uneven distribution of labor,etc.Therefore, through the analysis of game theory,this paper puts forward some suggestions.In this paper, the structure of the arrangement is as follows:the first part is introduction, introducing the background of the article. The second part is a simple review of the theory of competition, as to provide theoretical basis for the following competition theory research. The third part explains why college students choose to stay in big cities work, through the establishment of competition theory model and the analysis of the relationship between each variable in the model. The fourth part discusses the college students’ the negative effects of excessive employment competition,according to the conclusion and combined with the actual situation, The fifth part puts forward relevant policy suggestions,according to the negative impact for college students’ employment competition. The government should broaden the channels, using various resources with construction of small and medium-sized cities, to reduce the economic gap between regions. Schools should pay more attention to the career planning of college students and guide students to set up the correct choosing profession idea.