Assistance To Lost Only Child Families Against The Background Of Universal Two-child Policy

In 2015 the fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed the comprehensive two children policy. It brought the end to the implementation of the 30 years of the birth control policy. The implementation of the "two children" policy will undoubtedly play an active role in alleviating the aging process and improving the family’s anti risk ability so it is widely supported by the people.Changes in population policies affect thousands of families. Only the number of children on the legal ceiling of this factor could be the formation of the butterfly effect for the family. According to statistics, China’s current total number of lost only child family is more than one million. We cannot help but wonder how they are living as such a huge group? What are their core aspirations? What can we do for this unfortunate group?This paper strives to show the real life status of families lost the only child and discriminates the relationship between the government and the lose child families from the perspective of demography, sociology, and social security. And this paper also tries to construct a diversified relief system from perspective of the government, the community, the organization and the loss child families themselves.As the core of the whole thesis, the author believes that it is necessary to analyze the academic meaning of the word "lost only child family". Although necessary conditions for assistance of current relief regulations is the mother at 49 years old, scope of assistance includes not only the death of the only child but also disability for the only child. But the author believes that " lost only child family " means forever losing the only child, so it should not include the family with disabled only child. Also mother who loses only child but is still in reproductive age should not be used as necessary condition to be classified as lose only child family and enjoy the state aid. Even if some of lose only child mother still have fertility, but should not be interfered with the freedom of giving birth again. The government should provide equal relief to lose only child family which the wife is under the age of 49 no matter they will have child again or not. So the lose only child family means the only child is dead.The lost only child family is facing various dimensions of difficulties such as lack of material, mental depression, social exclusion, no pension, the absence of legal guarantee, weak sense of social existence. These difficulties has a direct cause and effect relationship to the government’s "one child" family planning policy which leads to government’s discussion of the basis for lose only child family assistance. Besides the indirect causality between lose only child dilemma and government population policy, state aid is also the demand from compensating for the loss of lose child family’s sunk cost, law fairness and the protection of human rights.The modern society is in the transition from the traditional government management to the social governance, aiding lose only child family cannot be unilaterally dependent on the government. Building a diversified rescue system is more feasible in modern society. In this system, the government should take the main responsibility. This is mainly reflected in lose only child family legislative protection, the establishment of the administrative departments of aid and optimize the relief policy. Community have a more in-depth understanding of the situation about lose only child family as a grass-roots management unit. Relying on the common geographical environment, organizational climate, community relief is with fine characteristics. Lose only child self-help organizations is the last social security network for lose only child families. Countless lose only child family here out of the shadow with it and realize self-value by helping other members. The fundamental driving force of a normal life for lose only child family is accept outside assistance and improve the resilience of individual and family at the same time. Commercial insurance is with high efficiency and strict contractual attributes. It can be incorporated into the relief system to reduce the financial burden. Finally, the social public opinion environment needs to be guided, it should let the public understand the status of lose only child family deeply and also establish a positive image of the group for they could fight for more social resources.