Research On The Optimization Of Ideological And Political Teaching In Senior High School Based On The Theory Of "The Zone Of Proximal Development"

The theory of "the zone of proximal development", advanced by Vygotsky, is an important theory deals with the relationship between teaching and development. This theory holds that there are there are two levels of students development, the first level is the real level of development, namely, the performance of students already possess or the capability of independent solution to the problem; the second level is potential, or the possible capability to solve a problem with the guidance of a teacher or peer. The differences between these two levels are known for "the zone of proximal development".Teaching in "the zone of proximal development" could really promote students’ development. Therefore, Vygotsky advocates that teachers understand the students’ cognitive characteristics, real learning ability and future need in the learning process of the students. Only on this basis, could teachers respect students’ main body status, inspire students, and encourage students to find the problem, analyze the problem and solve the problem. The very process of identifying the problem to solving problem process is how teacher’s guide students through "the zone of proximal development" process, so as to improve the cognitive level of the students.With the deepening of the study,the theory of "the zone of proximal development" connotation and application of research can continue to enrich. Since our country put forward the new curriculum reform, the use of "the zone of proximal development" guiding the teaching practice of the trend is more and more obvious.Based on teachers and students questionnaire and teacher interview in two senior high schools in Huaibei City, this research studies the teaching situation and learning situation in Politics classes under the background of new curriculum reform. By contrast, there still exist problems such as ignoring students’ dominant positions, the pursuit of unified and more traditional teaching methods, relatively one-sided teaching evaluation, students’ lack of enthusiasm, and awareness of learning objectives, lack of initiatives and so on. After that, this research endeavors to analyze the underlying reason from the aspects of the school, teachers, and students.This thesis uses "the zone of proximal development" as a clue, to locate, steer, distinguish, and penetrate "the zone of proximal development", so as to point out a specific path to improving the current politics teaching in senior high school teaching.Among them,analyzing the students’ current level, daily life experience, learning motivation, learning interest and learning methods and so on to locate the "the zone of proximal development ".Through the scaffolding instruction, situational teaching in the situational teaching to guide students to enter the " the zone of proximal development ".According to the difference of the students "the zone of proximal development" is flexible to carry out stratified teaching, and finally guiding students through he "the zone of proximal development" with the help of the relevant disciplines, and knowledge transfer of the ideological and politics in senior high school. At the same time, we should make sure that each path is as objective and comprehensive as possible, so as to explore greater values of the theory of "the zone of proximal development" in the High school ideological and political teaching reform, this part of the content is the research focus.