Research On The Current Situation And Countermeasures Of Developing Conjecture And Hypothesis Ability In High School Physical Science Investigation

With the deepening of the senior secondary curriculum reform and the continuous development of science and technology innovation,the General Senior Secondary Curriculum Standards clearly point out that subject core literacy is the concentration of nurturing values.Among them,conjecture and hypothesis is a crucial part of scientific investigation,which runs through the whole process of investigation.However,in the actual teaching process,teachers tend to teach mainly by the traditional lecture method,ignoring the process of active exploration by students,resulting in some shortcomings in the development of students’ conjecture and hypothesis ability in physics teaching.This study firstly read the relevant literature and teaching theories through the literature method,and sorted out the current status of conjecture and hypothesis research at home and abroad.The study then used the educational survey method to investigate students and physics teachers in school Y.The PTA and Richter scales were used to develop targeted questions to explore conjecture and hypothesis abilities,and questionnaires were administered to the students tested and interviews were conducted with the teachers.Based on the findings of the survey,the theoretical basis and the basic situation of the students,it was found that the conjecture and hypothesis ability of the students at this stage is generally weak.The factors that lead to the low conjecture and hypothesis ability of the students are: i.The teachers ignore the weak knowledge base of the students and set up complex physics problem situations.Secondly,the teachers’ teaching methods were single and low in timeliness,and the students’ argumentation methods were single and lacked awareness of judgement.Third,teachers do not have a good grasp of conjectures and hypotheses and ignore the development of students’ creative thinking.In response to the problems,the following countermeasures are proposed:(1)create meaningful physics problem situations to stimulate students’ interest in conjecture;(2)guide students to use scientific thinking methods to be able to make good conjectures and hypotheses;(3)flexibly use the conjecture content in the teaching materials to exercise students’ creative thinking development.There are still some shortcomings in this paper that need further research,which also provides ideas and methods for the subsequent development of students’ conjecture and hypothesis skills,and we hope to conduct further research in future teaching studies.