Innovation And Rise—A Study On The Process Of The United States Became The World Higher Education Center

Since the generation of modern science, as considered, the world center for higher education has transferred from Italy (1410-1530),the United Kingdom (1600-1750),France(1650-1830),Germany(1770-1830)to the United States (1830-),and then formed fiver centers.Each of the transformation has not just transfer the world center for higher education regional,but leads to the evolution and development of national higher education system worldwide.The higher education system of Britain,France and Germany had made a great impact on the formation of modern American higher education system during their center period.After the nazis came to power in 1933, under the influence of fascism,German higher education had declined rapidly. Next year, the website of Nobel Prize announced the laureates,all of the four laureates(physics, chemistry, biology or medicine, literature)came from the United States, all marked America overtook Germany as the new "world higher education center".Having observed the history of American higher education, we can find that as early as a century ago, the United States has already formed a unique and stable system of modern higher education, its basic structure have not changed over a century, and has endured from that time to the present day, holds up the United States as the world’s most developed country in the higher education system.However,when it was before 19th century,the higher education sector in the United States was very poor,and the academic quality of American universities was far behind the average of European universities.Not until entering the 19th century did the American higher education make a difference.Being a newborn higher education country,on one hand,the United States absorbed and inherited advanced educational concepts and systems from Britain,France and Germany,on the other hand,the United States asked for constantly transformation and innovation.Finally it formed a higher education system of distinctive features including "shared-governance","public-private simultaneously","academic freedom"etc.Whether its higher education scales or other quality indicators like the number of Nobel price laureates and top-class universities,the United States had overcame Brain,France,Germany,and other established higher education power in a landslide.In 2008,Chinese universities students altogether 20.21 million,the higher education scale of China had exceeded Russia, India and the United States, and became the world’s top one, but compared to education powers like European countries and America,China’s higher education qualities such as the strength of scientific research,the number of first-class universities and internationalization level were far behind.Currently,under the trend of global higher education "Americanization", what China facing with is the same choices to the United States facing with Britain "Ox-bridge" mode from early 17th century to the end of the 18th century,the higher education concept of France universities from the end of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century and the German universities from the early 19th century to the end of the 19th century.Based on such a large populations in our country,which is quite different from America,we can learn a lot from the successful experience of American,when we are trying to develop our higher education and realize the aim of "transfer the great power nation of education to a powerful nation of education".