The Research Of The Countermeasure To The Balanced Development Of Basic Education In Shanghai

Education is the cornerstone of national development and rejuvenation. Educational equality is the important foundation of social equality. In the course of constituting a socialist society in harmony, the question of educational equality has greatly aroused general concern. The balanced development of education reflects an idea of justice and equality, which is not only the trend of the world’s educational development but also has become the core idea of education modernization. It enables educational equality to be operated and to be practical. To optimize and deploy rationally educational resources and to advance the balanced development of the elementary education in Shanghai is the embodiment of the socialist system in essence and of implementing the scientific development outlook concretely, the realistic need of constituting harmonious society and building socialist new outskirts and rural areas, and the inevitable demand of carrying out the Party’s educational policy and taking the lead in accomplishing basically the modernization of Shanghai’s education.Since the reform and opening-up to the world, especially since the 1990’s, Shanghai has entered a new developing stage. The situation of fast, healthy and continuous development in society and economy has appeared. In pace with the situation, Shanghai’s elementary education has developed rapidly. The new student boom, which hardly appeared in history, has been tided over smoothly. The popularization of education and teaching quality have been improved remarkably. By the end of the last century, the elementary education of fifteen years from pre-school of three years to senior middle school had been popularized in an all-round way, which by and large has come up to the average standards of the developed countries and areas in the world, and even surpassed the average standards in some indices.However, like the economic development, though Shanghai’s elementary education has greatly developed, the development between town and country, between the regions, between the schools and between the schooling periods has still fallen short of the standard of high-quality balanced education, due to the regions, conditions, economic development and dual structure of town and country. Mainly as follows: the overall development in the central urban districts is faster than that in the suburban districts. The balance level of junior middle schools is higher than that of primary schools. The difference between schools in junior middle school period is larger than that between district and county. The difference between district and county in primary school period is larger than that between schools. All those inevitably affect the all-round, concerted and continuous development of elementary education. For the solution to the problem, the balance of the financial input from the government, the balance of school management, the balance of persons qualified to teach and the balance of the new students must be gained. The four balances consist of an indivisible entirety with complementing each other, among which the rational deployment of qualified teachers (the human factor) is the essential prerequisite to carry out the balanced development of school management and qualified teachers.To carry the high-quality balanced development of Shanghai’s elementary education to a new stage requires the governments at all levels to take the balanced development as a strategy of developing elementary education, to make great efforts to improve the weak schools, to push on establishing standardization of middle schools and primary schools, to devote major efforts to developing modern information technology, to strengthen the qualified teachers training, to deepen the reform of the system to enter a higher school and to carry out the quality education in an all-round way. Thus the different level schools, which are in elementary education period within the region, can be on the whole in a comparatively balanced state in such aspects as funds input, hardware facilities, deployment of qualified teachers, standards to run schools and educational quality, and can conform to being public, popularized and laying the foundation of compulsory education, in order to solve progressively the problem of educational balance between urban and rural areas, between regions and between schools, to make a breakthrough in idea, system and policy and to construct an environment beneficial to high-quality balanced development of elementary education.This article will use for reference the successful experience and some effective methods from home and abroad, investigate the present situation of Shanghai’s elementary education to analyze the existing problems, to study the factors affecting balanced development, and to propose some countermeasures to promote the rational deployment of educational resources, such as to set up scientific pattern of trained personnel flow, to optimize the teacher structure, to raise teacher’s salary and reduce one-way flow of teachers, to increase municipal financial input, to perfect the system of municipal financial transferable payment, to implement the duties of the district and county governments, and to perfect the system of the district and county’s financial allocation for education, so as to present some enlightenment for the high-quality balanced development of the elementary education in Shanghai.