Research On The Supplier Of Public Goods In Rural Districts

The government made the12th five-year plan which emphasis on strengthening theconstruction of rural public goods, and put the developing modern agriculture andstrengthen the construction of rural infrastructure and public services on the prominentposition. At present, the speed of integration of urban and rural economic and socialobviously accelerated, more and more farmers demand for public goods is increasing.Therefore, how to effectively do a good job in the socialism new rural constructionplanning and to improve rural production and living conditions, and on this basis tofurther improve the rural public goods supply quality and efficiency, has become ameasure of the government’s work and this measures if this work is efficiency andconsist with governing idea. After the reform of taxes of rural, government is the mainrole of rural public goods supply in a long time, the fiscal rights is not unified with thetransaction rights, the duties is fuzzy, pass the duties between government depart. Andthis time, the government at the grass-roots level have more responsibility and lessfiscal rights，this lead to less people and fiscal and goods in the rural public goods, andthen the government at the grass-roots level take this responsibility, however thegrass-roots government is a lack of financial resources, lack of democracy and thevillagers of village too lower cultural quality, structure and the institutional defects. Inour country, the rural public goods supply’s quantity at the condition of extremeshortage, any role who want to play the rural public goods effect in the modernagricultural industry system, improve rural production and living conditions, andimprove the role of farmers’ income, this is impossible. Therefore, the problems how todetermine the position about the agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the core of ruralpublic goods problems, and the problems of rural public goods supply the core of theproblem is the main body, that is to say in the government’s inability to dominate therural public goods, the supply of which main body is dominant in what way is the mosteffective pattern of rural public goods supply.In this background, this paper aims to study how to determine the position betweenthe government, the village committee and the role of individuals,and this positioningcould build an effective rural public goods supply mode, and based on this model forlocal governments to provide rural public goods supply reference on how to reasonableand effective. On the end, this article draws on domestic and international numerousscholars in the research of rural public goods supply, the field of rural public goods inrural infrastructure, compulsory education and vocational education, health carefacilities, such as old-age security for the system, and according to the theory of rural public goods supply and demand equilibrium theory and the supply efficiency furtherclarify the benefits it offers positive externality of rural public goods; At the same timethrough using the method of comparative analysis, this paper concludes that the centralgovernment and village committee has certain limitation in terms of providing publicgoods; the central government every year according to the social requirements andfuture development strategy from the previous year, mainly to undertake the supply ofurban public goods, for the rural public goods is limited to basic production and livingneeds, and insufficient financial input total amount every year, only focus on thefarmers’ production and service facilities for raising farmers’ happiness index and theinvestment of education to promote the development of farmers’ long-term medicalfacilities is very small; Village committee, while financial lack of bear the most of thepublic goods supply, but lower cultural quality of farmers themselves able to expresstheir reasonable demand for public goods, and farmers as its "rational agents," usuallyseek to maximize its own interests and choose a ride, make "one project one discussion"system has to be discuss, discuss without decisions, make decisions without execution.Therefore, this article embarks from the huaxi village, a typical micro main body,through the empirical and normative analysis method, based on the analysis of thevillage in education, medical and old-age security and the village infrastructureconstruction’s achievements at the same time, focus on mining village in supply inpublic goods supply structure and the successful practices and experience of etc., hasbeen clear about the secretary as the leader of the village committee in such aspects asoptimization of public goods supply has played an important role, thus draw theconclusion: the current our country rural public goods supply mode shall be provided bythe past pure by the government, gradually to rich with service-oriented government andrural leaders to participate in the village as the main body of the rural public goodssupply. Therefore, the government and the village committee should be changed tocomplete the work of their own: the government by the type approval of the governmentinto a service-oriented government, to do a good job of service policy, law, etc; Villagecommittee to carries forward the democracy fully, actively engage in aquaculture,agriculture, industry, etc in the success of the rural rich, give full play to the role of theirriches to and respect for democracy; Rich rural leaders should fully respect the nationalpolicy, the exercise of rights given by the villagers. In led everyone to get rich togetherat the same time, committed to the supply of rural public goods, is really "people andcan speak trust with old end, strong to use, the young director, through work".