Changes And Its Driving Forces Of Rural Residential Land At Village Scale

Reasonable village planning is the foundation of construction of a new socialistcountryside. However the precondition of village planning is to find out the layout of anregion’s rural residential areas and its development process, in order to make the villageplannning more reasonabiy. With the urban-rural development and the comprehensivelypromote of new rural construction, There will be a lot of money into the new ruralconstruction, the power in improve living conditions and enviroment will be constantiyreinforce. In this context, the study of rural residential land change and its driving force fromthe village scale will be of great importance in village planning, construction and renovation.At present, the rural residential land use has a serious situation needed to be solvedurgently, such as: large land use quantity, small land use scale, scattered distribution,extensive and waste land use of its rural residential. In order to solve the above problems, aswell as to make a balance between urban and rural development and advance the new ruralreconstruction solidiy,The research on land scale,structure,space layout and its changecharacteristics of rural residential land use becomes more necessary. Therefore, reinforcingthe research of its influence factors and driving mechanism of rural residential land use aresignificant to provide guidance and recommendations for a new round planning of village andtown. At the same time this research can provide technological support and decision makingfor regulate the relationship of mankind and land, protect the farming resources, optimize thespace layout of rural residential area, use the rural land more economy and intensive, promotesustainable development of regional economy.This paper takes three incorporated villages of Bei Meng town in Chang Yi city asresearch objects. The article analyzes the characteristics of rural residential land use changeand its driving mechanism with the methods of field investigation, Dynamic changing modelof land use, mathematical statistics and combination of RS and GIS method. The maincontents and results are as follows.(1) The characteristics of rural residential land use: The rural residential land areas ofresearch area in2012are63.03hm2, Among this Homestead land areas takes the proportionof69.19percent, Forest land takes11.39percent, Street land takes10.93percent, The rest of 8.50percent land use type are Ponds, Vegetable patch, Industrial and mining warehouse spaceand Public service facilities. Per capita rural residential land area reaches196.00m2, exceedprescribed limits of150.00m2which was stipulated in 《Standards for township-villageplanning》.The study founds that the rural residential land use of studied area existing thefollowing problems: There are severe lavishness in rural residential land use for lack ofreasonable planning; Living environment needs to be improved because of primitive servicefacilities; The phenomenon of rural idle homestead is serious and there are many idly besidesthe house; Low land use intensity and degree of intensive usage.(2) Characteristics of rural residential land change: The land use scale, land use structure,spatial orientation and spatial pattern of rural residential area all changed significantly from1980to2012. The scale of rural residential land use increased from39.78hm2to63.03hm2,increased by23.25hm2, The rangeability is58.45percent, Dynamic degree is1.77percent.The biggest type of rural residential land change is homestead, increased from26.51hm2to45.78hm2, increased by19.27hm2. The next is forest land increased by6.82hm2. Threshingfloors and leisure area were disappeared, added a new land use type industrial and miningwarehouse. The expansion of the rural residential areas is based on occupied the farmland.From1980-2012, there was23.25hm2farmland turned into rural residential land.62.62percent turned into homestead,15.23percent turned into forest land,13.25percent turned intoStreet land. During the study period, all types of rural residential land has transferred indifferent quantities and different degrees. Orientation radar chart of rural residential landshowes that, rural residential land are expanded in various spatial orientation, but theexpansion degree are different. In8quadrand has the largest extension area and degree,reached0.57, followed by4and7quadrand, the extension degree is0.40and0.36separately.This illustrates that the most extension direction is southeast, secondly is northwest, the leastis due north and due west.(3) Driving forces of rural residential land change. This study adopts qualitative andquantitative research methods to research the driving mechanism of rural residential landchange. Qualitative analysis summed the driving factors which influences the rural residentialland change into four classes, they are Demographic factors, economic development factors,science and technology factors and policy factors. Quantitative analysis uses correlationalanalysis method and principal component analytical method, with the help of SPSS statisticalsoftware, this paper choses13impact factors from4aspects: agricultural, population,economy and policy. The results found that, development of rural economic and increase of village households are the main driving force of rural residential land change. Based on thestudy of rural residential land change characteristics and driving forces, raise propose for ruralresidential land use. Including Prepare scientific village planning, strengthen the planning ofthe public participation; Actively promote key village construction, construction of new ruralcommunities; Carry out the rural residential land consolidation, improve the land utilization;Increase investment in rural residential construction, improve the living environment;Complete the system of land use, eliminate the idle and abandoned homestead.The research results enrich the theory of rural residential land change,and can be used toreasonably utilize the rural residential land more rational and intensive. Also it can providedecision support for making village regulation planning and optimize the spatial layout ofrural residential land use. The result can provide theoretic guidance in village planning andmanagement of the village of Shan-Dong plain.