| People would not pay attention to the etiquette if he is hungry,and the world would not stable when the grain is insufficient.For a country with a population of1.3billion,the issue of food security is always a major issue concerning the overall situation,which is an important part of the national security strategy. The first mission of food security is to protect the comprehensive grain production capacity. China’s food security can not be guaranteed without the enthusiasm for production of the grain production and business operation entity.Therefore, cultivating modern grain production and business operation entity is the basic project of achieving agricultural modernization and "ensuring national food security and effective supply of major agricultural products,"from which of the topic of this article has a significance.Relying on the topic of" Research on the Modern Grain production and business operation entity fostering in Zhejiang province"executed by modern agriculture organization in Zhejiang Province,this paper was completed on the basic of the field research in Jinyun and Wucheng.Thus,sample selection is limited to the areas where the author can survey. Focusing on the differentiation of grain production and business operation entity,this paper tries to study the following questions:what is the starting point and premise condition of the differentiation of grain production and business entity;type characters of Grain production and business operation entity differentiation and the relationship between grain scale operation and comparative advantage;affecting factors of grain production and business operation entity differentiation.Around these problems, the paper expanded into five parts:(1)the introduction elaborates the fundamental theory,the core concepts and research framework and methods of this study on the basis of review of the research literature abroad;(2)the second part selects a starting point for the differentiation of grain production and business entity. Then it analyzes the premise and evolution trend of grain production and business entity.;(3)according to questionnaire data obtained from the field research,the third part compares production and management mode,feature and performance of different types, in the same time the main problems of different types are also be summarized.(4)Again, by comparing the difference existing in different types and also between Jinyun and Wucheng, it analyzes the affecting factors of grain production and business operation entity differentiation.(5)The las part is the conclusions and suggestions.The main points in this study are as follows:(1)The double-layer management system implemented in the1980s is the initial condition of the grain production and business operation entity differentiation,after35years of development,under the condition of land transfer and labor mobility,as well as the guidance and support of national policy and the increasingly improvement of social service, different types of business entities differentiated from contract management household have shown the heterogeneity.Correspondingly, The pattern dominated by the household which are relatively homogeneous at the beginning of reform has shifted to the pattern in which different types of grain production and business operation entity coexist diversely.(2)The pre-condition of grain production and business operation entity differentiation is the implementation of household contract system, the development of productivity, labor mobility and transfer of land.(3)With the expansion of production scale, yield and income per mu rises after fall,roughly showing U-shaped trend.The U-shaped characteristics is largely due to the higher yield and income per mu of the corporate farms,while the yield and revenue per mu of other entities continue to decline as the scale expands.However, if we do not consider the corporate farms, then the grain production efficiency is negatively related to production scale at the present stage,i.e.the larger the scale is,the lower the yield and profit per mu will be. The main reason for this feature lies in the differences between different types of enterprises in the adoption advanced biochemical technology and cultivation techniques,the level of management and fixed asset investment.(4)Among the internal factors affecting grain production and business entities differentiation,the head of the household whether has business experience has more significant influence on differentiation.(5)The level of urbanization, land resource endowment, social service and government efforts to promote are external factors affecting grain production and business entities differentiation,of which the land resource endowment plays a particularly prominent role. Policy recommendations are proposed in this paper include:(l)Clear the land rights and interests of farmers,promote and regulate the land circulation.(2)Control the price-of agricultural means of production, increase grain price to improve the comparative advantage of grain cultivation.(3)Develop and nurture modern grain farmer, enhance the independent development ability of grain production entity.(4)Foster diversified social service organizations, improve the social service system of grain production.(5)Broaden the financing channels, innovate the mode of rural credit guarantee and mortgage (6)Adhere to the principle of adjusting measures to local conditions,promote the differentiation of grain production and operation entity.(7)According to the development of different types of grain production entity,optimize the differentiation pattern.The research object of this paper is more specific,which will make the policy recommendations more thorough and accurate.However, due to the limitations of sample selection coupled with my lack of ability, the main factor in food production and operation of this study only focuses on the process of ordinary farmer turning into scale-farmers,instead of considering the differentiation status of different subjects. |
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