Impacts Of Farmers Differentiation On Regional Disparity In The New Period

Rural reforms began in the late1970s, great changes have taken place in the rural socialstructure, farmers’ income is on the way of internal differentiation as long as the changingstructure of the farmers’ professional, from the initial “From the soil is encouraged”, tolater "From the soil and left". Since entering the new century, under the impetus of thenational policies, farmers differentiation accelerates. In2010the central file no.1putforward to promote conform to the conditions of agricultural population transfer to citiesand towns, and enjoy the same rights as urban residents". This means that some farmerswill thoroughly realize the "urbanization". To explore the influence factors ofdifferentiation of farmers to the farmers’ income, which is not only the theoretical research,also the need of practice.The paper choose Anhui province, a big agriculture province, as object to study, andmainly using the comparative analysis and empirical analysis methods to explore theeffects from farmers differentiation on farmers’ income and rural income gap. This paperbased on the analysis of differentiation of farmers and the income situation, the provincecan be divided into different areas with two kinds of methods, and compare farmersdifferentiation degree. Data analysis showed that: the more economically developed areasfarmers’ differentiation is more obvious, farmers in these areas have higher probability toaccept education and training than those in Huaibei region, and household cultivated landquantity was lower too. Second, by using household survey data, the personalcharacteristics, family characteristics, human capital, social capital, investigates the fouraspects of income for farmers. Based on the above research, this paper found that:(1) Bysynchronization with national farmers differentiation, the first industry practitioners haveobvious tendency toward the second and third industry, made the first, second and thirdindustry employment structure significantly changes.(2) The first industry practitioners arealso beginning to differ, and can be clearly divided into three categories at least. From thepoint of influence factors, the first kind of professionals are largely unproductive staff, theold, weak, disease, remnants, the less education, low skills, longer work time, low income.The second practitioners have rich experience in agricultural production, certainfoundation education, but little use of large machinery and equipment, stable income, yetrelatively low, who are the representative of the traditional farmers; Third classpractitioners almost received a good education, with good ability to accept new things, making full use of large mechanical equipment in the agricultural production, pesticidesfertilizer and seeds with high quality, they are likely to be the future new farmers orprofessional farmers’ representatives. Third, along with the advancement ofindustrialization and urbanization, the original flow from the first industry to the secondand third industry practitioners are the highest level of education in rural area, there havecertain skills and work experience, with relatively high income, strong desire out of thecountryside, they are likely to make farmers differentiation in the true sense.(3) Resolvethe elements of farmers’ income gap decomposition (family business income, wage income,metastatic, and property income) and analyse the different component’s contribution to theincome gap.Salary income plays an expanded role in income gap, and family businessincome plays a smaller role. In the comparison of migrant workers salary income, highincome groups is far higher than that of low-income groups, this is also caused the mainreason for the widening income gap between rural residents.Based on the research conclusion, the paper finally puts forward the correspondingpolicy recommendations. Including technology and talent, different regional differentiationin anhui province farmers are given different support; Increase the chance of education andtraining to less level and breeding level of farmers’ differentiation; To increase wageincome,at the same time, attaches great importance to the financial and property incomeon the adjustment for income gap and so on.