Weifang Land Lost Farmers Rights And Interests Protection Problems In The Process Of Urbanization Study

Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 1990 s, with the rapid advance of urbanization and industrialization, the rural collective land especially suburban farmers land expropriation in great quantities, more and more farmers lost their land became land-losing farmers. Urbanization is the inevitable trend of economic and social development, and is the inevitable requirement of the construction of modernization in China, however, with the speeding up of urbanization, the urbanization in dealing with China’s economic and social development of a series of deep-seated contradictions at the same time, its itself also produced a lot of problems in the process of development, especially the problem of land-lost farmers’ s rights and interests. On rural land expropriation, involves the transfer of the ownership of land, farmers rights and interests safeguard, if there is no corresponding guarantee mechanism and method, is bound to damage the legitimate rights and interests of land-lost farmers.In this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign related research and system on the basis of the practice of weifang high-tech zone, for example, the process of urbanization of land-lost farmers rights and interests safeguard system construction and application of the systematic, exploratory research, mainly includes the following five parts:The first part: the paper introduces the study of land-lost farmers rights and interests protection significance, background and the way of the problem. Land-lost farmers in China, the background of the current situation of production, living, weifang land-lost farmers as the breakthrough point, the present study hopes to push through research of our country agriculture, rural areas and farmers problems to resolve, for the next stage of urbanization strategy provides a new way, promoting the construction of new socialist countryside. Among them, and draw lessons from the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany and other countries and regions of urbanization in the related policy and system. Most economically developed countries are analyzed in the process of urbanization has strict land expropriation system arrangement, perfect legal protection, good employment pattern, and attaches great importance to the protection of farmers’ rights and interests, which well solves the problems brought by the urbanization. These successful measures also gave very good inspiration in our country, is worth our using for reference and study.The second part: the land-lost farmers rights and interests safeguard, in the process of urbanization, respectively from the horizontal- broad farmer rights and special rights and interests of farmers and vertically from the farmland system reform and development of different stages to comb the connotation and denotation of farmer rights and interests. And analyzes the process of urbanization on farmers the right to vote and be elected, autonomy, property rights and the rights and interests as the main body of market employment, education, social security, social respect such as political, economic, and social security, etc. The impact of the inherent rights.The third part: in weifang, for example, to select the most representative weifang high-tech zone as the research object, analyzed the specific instructions. As a result of the development zone construction, of jurisdiction within the scope of land planning and positioning, farmers the original cultivated land requisitioned, land-losing farmers to adopt the method of unified planning residential area, promote rural urbanization. Through the research analysis, summed up the most local land-lost farmers are satisfied with the compensation amount is more, but farmers on the use of the land sales planning and imperfect social security.The fouth part: an analysis of the causes to the problem of land-lost farmers rights and interests of damage. In urbanization of land-lost farmers rights and interests is caused damage, on the basis of exploring the defects of land expropriation and compensation system in our country: first, land requisition unequal rights and obligations as the subject and object, the standard measurement method is not scientific, the requisition of rural collective land ownership definition is not clear, blurred agricultural land ownership, such problems as incomplete and power; Farmers affected by their cultural level is low, the imperfect social employment guarantee measures to the problems such as again obtain employment difficult; In addition, the land-lost farmers’ social security system is not perfect, make most of the farmers lost ground in the basic life after, pensions, children education, etc, can not get due protection.The fifth part: the specific measures to solve the problem of land-lost farmers rights and interests protection, from the construction of a harmonious society and realize the sustainable development of the strategic height to attaches great importance to the interests of the farmers. In terms of a sound system of perfecting the rural land property rights, from the legal level of farmers’ land property losses are clear and defined, clear the farmer is the rural collective land users, entities should enjoy the rural collective land rights; Perfect the ownership of land power, stable land ownership, use legal means to safeguard farmers’ long-term of the existing land contract right, materialized farmers land use rights, can make farmers land transfer, lease, inheritance, reasonable transfer, mortgage and other forms; Materialized the ownership of land, determine the right to the contracted management of land in property law, the right to the contracted management of land has confrontation the effectiveness of the other third parties, and acquire the property law protection; To promote land marketization reform; Standardize the existing land requisition system, perfecting the land expropriation compensation, regulating the behavior of government land, improve requisition procedures and related laws; Improve the system of land expropriation compensation, improve the land acquisition compensation standard, detailed compensation projects, expand the scope of compensation, the flexible use of a variety of expropriation compensation method; Promote the land-lost farmers again obtain employment, the government should guide peasants to change ideas, strengthen job skills training, through policy guidance to encourage induct farmers employment unit of choose and employ persons; Play to the role of the intermediary institutions, in the city and county two-tier Labour market, establish a service window of the land-losing farmers, provide employment recommendation and guidance and other services; Broadening the employment channels, farmers in above when equipped with certain community employment, encourage farmers to self-employment. Improve the farmers’ social security system, establish and improve the minimum living security system, build system of old-age security, in accordance with the state, the collective and the individual, the market’s \ "four one\" pension financing mechanism, labor and social security departments to set up accounts, special fund is special; Construction of medical security mechanism, perfect the compensation mechanism of life, a variety of channels to help farmers increase their income.