Study On Provincial Differences And Influencing Factors Of The Technological Innovation Efficiency

Since the beginning of 21 Century, the socialism innovation oriented country strategy has been implemented step by step. In the process of improving the national and provincial innovation level of science and technology, we should not only focus on the scale of the investment of science and technology. More attention should be paid to the innovation efficiency that the investment brings. While China’s economy entering a ’new normal’, the speed of China’s economic development has been turned to high-and medium-speed from high speed. The economic structure has been continuously optimized and upgraded. China’s economy has become innovation driven instead of elements driven and investment driven. Meanwhile to improve the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation becomes particularly important. Then what is the general innovation efficiency of China’s science and technology? What’s that of regions and provinces? What are the innovation efficiency differences between provinces? How is the trend? What are the factors of these differences? How do these factors influence the innovation efficiency and what’s the degree? Is there a spatial spillover effect? These will be the main topic of this study, therefore the goal of this article is:Based on related theory and current research, performing analysis on the provincial differences of innovation efficiency of science and technology and the influencing factors, judging the situation and trend, analyzing the causes and providing corresponding suggestions, using the empirical research method and comparative analysis method.In order to achieve the aim of study, this paper performs the following analysis:(1) Analyze the present situation and change tendency of science innovation. Through the analysis of general achievements in 2013, differences and changes of achievements from 2001 to 2013, provide the basis for the analysis of the technological innovation efficiency; (2) Measure the innovation efficiency of science and technology and analyze the provincial differences and change tendency. Based on the evaluation index system, calculate the Malmquist index of the innovation efficiency for 31 provinces from 2001 to 2013 and analyze the provincial differences and change tendency according to the calculation result. (3) Analyze the causes that lead to the provincial differences. According to the test results, construct the traditional and spatial panel model and perform empirical research to the factors. Comparing the model results, analyze the influence of different factors along with the spatial factors.Through theoretical analysis and empirical research, the conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) The output scale with innovation of science and technology in both 31 provinces and around the country has greatly improved. But the differences among provinces are obvious; (2) At the present stage, the innovation efficiency in the majority of provinces has all improved, while that in a few provinces declines. The western regions are best, then eastern regions. Central regions have the smallest growth rate. The main reason is tha lack of technology progress.(3) In recent years, there is an improving trend pushed by technology advancement for the innovation efficiency of China. A part of years fluctuates obviously. Low pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are the main reasons for the provincial differences. (4) The level of economic development, the direct use of foreign investment and the level of higher education have positive direct effect on technology innovation efficiency. The degree of openness has significant negative direct effect. The level of higher education and economic development level, the direct use of foreign investment are important reasons for the provincial differences.(5) Economic development level and high degree of openness in the provinces will promote the innovation efficiency of neighboring provinces and regions. But the direct use of foreign investment and higher education level in the provinces will weaken the innovation efficiency of their neighboring provinces and regions.According to the research conclusions, this paper puts forward following policy suggestions:(1) Increase investment and adjust and optimize investment structure for science and technology innovation; (2) Promote industrial clusters output by innovation and make most use of knowledge spillover effect;(3) Maintain sustained and steady economic development and make use of the positive effects of the economic development;(4) Continue to develop education industry, improve the mechanism of talent cultivation, cultivate high-quality talents and make encouraging policies to attract more talents and resources based on regional characteristics.