Farmland Irrigation And The Village Community

Water conservancy is the lifeline of agriculture, seventy percent of China’s grain output comes from irrigated agriculture. The control of the water resources, not only contains the flood control and avoiding harm but also about the water benefits and people livelihood.The study on water conservancy has experienced a shift from the history of technology of water conservancy project to the social history of water conservancy, (also been called from "flood society" to "water community") from the beginning of the 1990’s. it enriched the level of water conservancy history and extended the connotation of water conservancy history. However, the historical tendency of text data and physical data of geographical distribution is uneven, and so do the purport of the research scholars. That is why the water conservancy study showing a "specific" and "historic" academic landscape. For the different geographical and hydrological conditions of current China, the research is not enough. The timing of the research is dislocated and the study area is narrow, there is no doubt that this condition has greatly affected the overall grasp of Chinese water conservancy.The survey point Z village is located in the central of Shandong province, a ordinary village of the Yellow River irrigation plain. It has a huge benefit from the Yellow River and irrigation activities of the entire village also showed collective orders which are rarely seen in other familiar studies. From the inside of the village, this order is a result of objective conditions, like adequate water, the clarification of the ownership of the irrigation canal system, at the same time, it also benefits from the cooperation system of kinship, geopolitical folk acquaintances emotional organization habitus and the village committee authority arrangement. In addition, the tension between villagers’rational behavior and the soft power such as public opinions and the fear of restricting rules, is the deep reason of order. From the outside of village, the government continual intervention of the large water conservancy and the skillful operation of Water Conservancy Engineering Association under the leadership of the government were also can not be ignored in the production of farmland irrigation orders. The village community as a classical proposition of traditional Chinese rural society is not out of date. The introduction of the village community concept to study the problems of water conservancy for both sides, can deepen the understanding of each other in a two-way interaction. Study on village water conservancy can help understand the operation of the village community in details. After the land transfer, the villagers and the farming and rural water conservancy of the traditional connection is broken, the last large-scale collective chance was lost, but the Z village community still survives in a tough attitude. However, In the background of the separation from the village and agriculture and urbanization reform, how long can it exist is a whirling problem. In this trend, judgment and thinking of Z village community should be open.