Research On Employment Of Hainan Landless Peasants

After the development of international tourism in Hainan Island and the rapid increase of the urbanization level, urban expands to rural area, a large number of rural land has been taken, the land-lost farmers have no guarantee, they don’t have social benefits, they cannot till farm, they are unemployed, they cannot start business,either. Yet these are inevitable with the development of urban and rural dual economic structure in Hainan. Land-lost farmers are special and vulnerable groups that need to be concerned of, especially the employment problem.The blueprint and guideline of the construction of Hainan International Tourism Island-The Development Plan of Hainan International Tourism Island(2010-2020) put forward that the government should promote employment actively, develop jobs by constructing project, to ensure that every land-lost farmers family has at least one employed labor force. This shows that the employment problem of landless farmers has been pressing.The main contents of this paper consists of theory and empirical research. The theoretical part introduces the conception of farmers, landless farmers, employment security, and western classical theory of employment. The empirical part of this paper uses the way of sample survey, I select representative region of the east,central,and west areas in Hainan Province to conduct research. I use software SPSS19.0in metrology inspection, and binary Loistic regression model to set being employed or not as the dependent variable, and age, age and sex, education level, land-lost time, income after losing land one month, getting a one-time compensation, unemployment subsidy, unemployment insurance purchased by government, group and individual, minimum living allowance, unemployment training course organized by the government, other skills besides farming as independent variables, to conduct regression analysis. The overall effect of regression analysis is good, we can draw the conclusion that young workers get jobs easier than older farmers, men get jobs easier than women, men are more willing to engage in non-farm work. Human capital, including education and vocational training have a positive impact on landless farmers to transform to non-agricultural work, land-lost farmer who have high level of education or receive vocational training get jobs easier than those who don’t. Employment of landless farmers are not significantly associated with the time and condition of land expropriation. High disposable non-labor income has a negative impact on the employment of landless farmers.