The Research On The Resource Allocation Of Rural Public Service In Hunan Province

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economic, the whole social, and the quality of Chinese people’s life are all developing rapidly. At the same time, the gap of development level between urban and rural is widening. China is a large agricultural country, and Hunan is a major agricultural province in China. The problem of "three rural" became a key issue in social and economic development. Public services are an important aspect of social and economic development, but the allocation of resources in public services is unbalanced obviously between urban and rural. The resources configuration of rural public services could be not only a measurement of economic and social development level, but also the key to promote the construction of new socialist countryside comprehensively.In this context, this paper chooses Hunan Province as a study area, rural public services resources configuration in Hunan Province were studied. Firstly, the results of previous studies on rural public services are summarized, most scholars agreed that the degree of equalization of public services needs to be improved, and most agreed that the supply model of rural public services should turn into multi-center model. Then the general theory of rural public services are introduced, including the resource allocation theory,the coordinated development of urban and rural theory, the new public service theory, the Pigou equilibrium theory and the welfare economics theory. These theories set a solid theoretical foundation for follow-up study. Furthermore, this paper introduces the evolution of rural public services supply system in Hunan Province. Through a combination analyzing of history, current situation, and future, the development direction of rural public services in Hunan Province is clear. Rural public services in Hunan province have gradually increased, but there are still inequalities between urban and rural areas in public service resource allocation. At empirical analysis part, the overall efficiency and structural efficiency of rural public services in Hunan are analyzed separately, after that, its influencing factors are studied. The results show that the technical efficiency of rural public services in Hunan province has not reached the DEA effective, and has been in the stage of increase return of scales. In addition, the level of urbanization, the degree of marketization, the per capita GDP, the reform of rural taxes and the income level of urban and rural residents ratio will have different influence on the allocation efficiency of rural public services in Hunan province. Finally, combining with empirical results, based on coordinated urban and rural development and improving the efficiency of public services in rural areas, some policy recommendations are proposed to optimize allocation of rural public service resources.