Study On Evaluation On Effects And Economic Performance Of Alternative Forest Management In Wood Production And Carbon Sequestration

Our forestry is in rapid development, and great success has been achieved in ecological construction. However, there are still problems in the current forest resources, such as the shortage of the total, the poor quality, and the fragile ecological functions. In order to meet the needs of economic and social development, timber production, carbon sequestration, oxygen production, biodiversity and other benefits should be taken into account. Based on the low quality of natural secondary forest in Northeast and on the diversified demand on multifunctional forestry for economic and social development, how to management forest scientifically and to realize multi-objective have become important problems need to be solved as soon as possible. To understand the effect on the wood production and other multiple objectives in different forest management regimes is an particularly important project, and can provide reasonable basis for forest sustainable management in Northeast.Based on the secondary Korean Pine forests in Danqinghe Farm in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, we studied comparatively the effect of 4 forest management regimes- Forest Management 1(FM1), extensive forest management regime; Forest Management 2(FM2), target tree forest management regime; Forest Management 3(FM3), tree species adjusting forest management regimes; Forest Management 4(FM4), no disturbance forest management regime- on timber production, carbon sequestration and their economic value. The methods of field investigation and expert interviews and the calculation formulas on volume, biomass and carbon storage were applied to determine the amount of timber and carbon. We analyzed the static cost and benefit by NPV principle. And with the help of Fisherian, Faustmann and Hartmann model, we predicted and analyzed the expected value in different regimes based on one period. Finally the sensitivity of economic value to different factors were explored. Based on the above research, the optimization scheme and strategy about forest management were put forward.Results showed that:(1) For timber production, FM3(160.73 m/hm) was highest, followed by FM2(139.44 m3/hm2) and FM4(133.57 m3/hm2), and FM1(133.07 m3/hm2) was lowest; For carbon storage over ground in tree layer, FM2(85.73 t/hm2) was highest, followed by FM4(75.46 t/hm2) and FM3(60.49 t/hm2), FM1(57.43 t/hm2) was lowest; For carbon storage in harvested wood product, FM1(27.78 t/hm2) was highest, followed by FM3(25.75 t/hm2) and FM2(17.60 t/hm2), FM4(0) was lowest.(2) If the carbon price was 1200 yuan/t C, in the static economic performance per ha, FM2(35.27×104 yuan) had the highest overall value, of which 21.47×104 yuan was timber production value, and 13.80×104 yuan was carbon sequestration value; The second was FM1(32.26×104 yuan) with wood production value of 21.09×104 yuan and carbon sequestration value of 11.16×104 yuan; The third was FM3(31.45×104 yuan), with a worth of 20.18×104 yuan for timber production and 11.28×104 yuan for carbon sequestration; The lowest was FM4(24.03×104 yuan), and its timber production value was 15.16×104 yuan, carbon sequestration value was 8.87×104 yuan.(3) If 120 years were one period of operating cycle, the highest economic value was FM3(15072 yuan/hm2), followed by FM1(14102 yuan/hm2) and FM2(12016 yuan/hm2), and the last was FM4(7249 yuan/hm2).(4) The net present value increased with the increase of timber and carbon price, and decreased with the increase of cost and discount rate. The average sensitivity of wood price was 0.7, the average sensitivity of carbon price was 0.41, the average sensitivity of cost was 0.11. The sensitivity of wood price and cost in FM3 were the highest. The effect of the discount rate on the net present value was obvious.(5) In brief, tree species adjusting forest management regimes FM3 and target tree forest management regime FM2 could balance the timber production and the carbon sequestration to some extent, and were the regimes that should be improved and promoted in the future.We proposed some policy suggestions to optimized the management for natural secondary forest of Pinus koraiensis in northeast:(1) Interplanting and regeneration must be made reasonably to ensure the performance of the tree species adjusting forest management;(2) We should adjust the structure of forest stands in target tree forest management regime to enhance the management effect;(3) We should carry out long-term monitoring to ensure forest growth healthy.