Research On Optimizing Spatial Distribution Of Rural Settlement Based On Goal Programming Model

With the rapid development of social economy and the accelerated development of urbanization and industrialization,China’s rural society has entered a new transition phase,when the spatial structure of rural settlements needs to transform from dispersed development to cluster development. In this situation, using the method of moving and merging village is helpful to integrate the idle land resources of the rural areas and to improve the efficiency of rural construction land, so as to relieve the contradictions of urban and rural land. And it also benefits the improvement of rural service facility, thus improving the living standard and life quality of the rural residents. Under this background, the dissertation tries to build a model that combines the suitability evaluation and 0-1 integer programming to optimize the spatial structure of rural settlements. In especial, space constraint condition is introduced into the model. Taking Liusi Town of Hukou County, Jiujiang city, Jiangxi province as a research area, the dissertation studies the optimization of the spatial structure of rural settlements under the support of GIS platform. The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) Based on the analysis of influencing factors on the spatial structure of rural settlements, the dissertation selects the evaluation indicators of the rural settlement land use from natural conditions, village scale, economic development level, locational conditions, living facilities conditions and development status, and confirms the weight of the indicators by the structure entropy weight method. And then with the help of multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method, suitable value of every rural settlement in the research area is figured out, which is the foundation of the optimization of spatial distribution of rural settlements.(2) The spatial distribution of rural settlements should meet the villagers’ life and production requirements. In order to convenient the life and production, it is necessary to take farming radius and facilities service radius as a standard for reasonable distribution. According to the investigation, the threshold values of the restrained radius, which is determined by farming radius and facilities service radius, are confirmed.(3) The dissertation has built a spatial distribution optimization model, which is a goal programming model with the suitable value as its objective function and restrained radius as the constraint condition. The model is able to solve the problem of space distribution between the kept rural settlements, and make the total suitable value of the kept rural settlements relatively high.(4) According to the results of the model, all the rural settlements are divided into three optimization types, namely agglomeration development type, removal and merger type, as well as development-controlled type.Then, in view of the different types of the rural settlements, the dissertation put forward different implementation strategies.