| Since ancient times, almost all the port cities developed faster than common cities, which is mainly because of the effective interaction between them. Due to the development of port, port city can not only enrich its connection with outside, getting access to advanced concepts, but also they can obtain the consequent development of related industries and even that of surrounding areas. Similarly, port city, as the direct hinterland of port, gives it supports by providing space and service for the port and related industries. In recent years, "port-city integration" has received a wide and common concern and thus it has been discussed both practically and theoretically. Deep Researches and extensive practice has been conducted on the relationship, interaction and the port-city spatial distribution between port and city. At present, the development model adopted by almost all port cities in China has no significant differences, which leads to its shortage of practicability and makes it become vague and general. Shandong Province, as a large marine province in China, port city economy makes a great contribution to the development of whole province. From the perspective of spatial economics, this paper studies the economic relations between the ports and five major port cities-Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao and Dongying of Shandong Province. To achieve an effective promotion of the spatial economics and spatial industrial layout, we have explored innovative development models that may accelerate the port-city integration, which means a lot to raise the international competitiveness of port.This paper establishes one evaluation system to assess the development situation of the port-city interaction in Shandong Province. This system is composed of two parts. One is the assessment of port city development status. It includes 12 indicators which can be divided into the city infrastructure construction and city scale. Another part is to evaluate the effect of port development, which includes port industrial agglomeration and diffusion effect. Factor analysis and cluster analysis methods are used to evaluate the development of city to get the final comprehensive scores of each port city and the classification of cluster results of port cities. The final comprehensive factors results show that five port cities scores from high to low (excluding occasional changes) is:Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai/Dongying, Rizhao. The clustering results are:Qingdao+Yantai, Weihai+Dongying, Rizhao. As for the evaluation of port development effect, after agglomeration evaluation of main industries in port city, this paper indicates that there is strong spatial agglomeration in manufacturing, financial services, technology, foreign investments and trade-related industries. After analyzing port industry and traffic network in each port city respectively, a series of problems are uncovered, such as great similarity, the irrational structure, serious wastes and traffic system disorders existing in port industries.In the reference part, this thesis adopts star-evaluation system to evaluate the development effect and the industrial agglomeration and diffusion effect of London, Shanghai, Tokyo ports group, Singapore, New York and Shenzhen port. In consequence, our thesis provides several suggestions like planning Port Industrial Zone reasonably, enhancing the construction of transportation network, enlarging the hinterland scale, improving the port services and coordinated planning from the government. At last, taking the overall development strategy, the regional industrial characteristics and the domestic and foreign advanced "port-city integration" experience of spatial economics development into consideration, this paper puts forward a new model-"build port industrial cluster platform and improve the transportation network of Shandong Province" for the whole province and specific measures applied to five cities according to the specific situation of each city. |
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