Study On The Principal-agent In “Central-Local” Government Transportation Energy-saving And Emission-reduction Behavior

In order to effectively control energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, “11th Five-Year Plan” set Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction targets as binding targets. August 2006, the State Council promulgated the "Decision of the State Council on strengthening energy conservation," clearly requires the establishment of Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System and evaluation system. "People’s Republic of China Energy Conservation Law" revised in 2007, it has made a clear and specific provisions on Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System. The State Council through the enactment of the "energy statistics, monitoring and evaluation three programs" made provisions on Energy-Saving statistics monitoring, the target assessment, reward and punishment. Since the “11th Five-Year Plan”, through policies and actions, China has gradually improved Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System. Ministry of Transport have issued a series of policy documents to put forward the transport sector Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction targets and guide the industry. During the period of “11th Five-Year Plan”, the Ministry of Transport "building a conservation-oriented traffic guidance" proposed highway, waterway energy saving goals, Ministry of Railways proposed Railway Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction targets, Civil aviation department proposed civil aviation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction targets. By the end of the "11th Five-Year Plan", highway and waterway transportation did not complete its stated objectives, railways and civil aviation completed their energy-saving targets, energy saving effect is not ideal. Therefore, studying the present stage of the central government and local government behavior, is conducive to better play the role of government in transportation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction, guarantee complete energy objectives and provide the basis for future transportation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction policy making.This paper studies the central government and local government transportation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction behavior, selects the principal- agent theory analysis method, determines the "Central- Local" governments Perspective analytical framework. On this basis, we construct Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System "Central- Local" government agency model, public participation "Central- Local" government agency model, to analyze the agency relationship between the central government and local governments, as well as local government action orientation.The main conclusions of this study include the following:(1) The central government to use Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System to achieve a good incentive compatible with the local governments, convert the Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction targets of the central government to local government, effectively overcome the central government and local government targets inconsistencies. However, emission reduction targets can not be internalized into the local government. The Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction characteristics of Transportation is different from Industry and Construction industry. Local governments are more difficult to produce transport Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction initiative, and lack of initiative.(2) Public participation in the agency relationship between the central government and local governments play a positive role, so the level of local government efforts to achieve a Pareto optimal. It improves the local government transportation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction enthusiasm and initiative, effectively solve the problems of Energy-Saving Target Responsibility System.(3) Put forward the Chinese government in the Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction of transportation work plans and policy-making, must attach great importance to the national level and the local level of public participation. Respectively make some transportation Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction management suggestions for government departments, traveler and transportation companies.