Land Circulation Intermediary Organizations In Current China

The Decision on Third Plenary Session of the seventeenth committee concerning several major issues on promoting rural reform development (hereinafter referred to as "decision") established policies of CPC to actively encourage the transfer of land contract and management rights. "Decision" is to regulate upon several major issues on the land contract and management rights, land transfer, cultivated land area and so on. It raised the proposal to carry out and accumulate experiences on pilot land transfer on selected the experimental area for the first time. After the nationwide implementation of the "decision", the rural land circulation market shows a picture of thriving and booming development.With the implementation of the "decision" spirit, this favorable rural land transfer policies root deeply among people, the scale of land transfer is gradually expanded, the development speed is accelerated, and the transfer object and the benefit parties is also developed from single to diversification. In the process of the implementation of the land transfer, the intermediary organizations of various forms of land transfer began to breed and develop, and gradually become an indispensable component in the land transfer market.From current domestic and international research, most researches on land transfer intermediary organizations are limited in specific region; cases have their particularity and one-sidedness, from the promotion perspective they tend to be not so typical and representative. Some scholars regard the ecology of intermediary organizations too optimistically, did not take into account the characteristics of our country’s political and economic system, practically appear not down to earth and difficult to operate. They are lack of systematic study in the nature, mode of operation, and the operation mechanism of the land circulation intermediary organizations, also not many articles available upon studies made on combining the domestic and international advanced experiences and modes. Currently, the research on the intermediary organization of the land transfer is still in the superficial layer, not much substantive breakthrough, and generalizability and operability are not strong. The lagging of the study seriously affects the cultivation and development of the rural land transfer intermediary organizations.This paper focusing on the current complexed situation of China’s land transfer, studies the interest problems in the land transfer by making comparative analysis on the existing three types of land transfer intermediary organization models, and the successful experiences of land transfer intermediary organizations from several developed countries, finally through sorting and summarizing a lot of information, boldly put forward the idea of building the rural land transfer intermediary organization with public welfare nature. Government organizes land transfer from a macro perspective, its ultimate goal is to achieve national strategy and safeguard the interests of the country; farmers carry out transactions from the personal interests, the fundamental purpose is to protect their own interests and to live a guaranteed life. As a scarce resource, the use of land cannot be completely determined by the market, yet must be subject to the national macro-control and the overall planning of agricultural layout. The emergence of land transfer intermediary organizations with public welfare nature can ease the contradiction between government and farmers build communicative bridges and platforms, so as to ultimately facilitate the convergence of interests.Many problems can be solved by establishing organization with public welfare nature. Firstly, as an impartial third party organization, it builds an equal dialogue platform between the government and farmers, so that the interests of land transfer between the two sides prevail, by using market leverage to seek a balance and maximization of realize their own interests; Secondly, the emergence of the intermediary organization of the public welfare of rural land transfer, the relationship between the fundamental and the interests of the parties. To rationalize the relationship between the state and farmers, in the full protection of the interests of the farmers, the state in the land transfer in the macro strategy can be implemented; finally, the emergence of rural land transfer intermediary organizations with public welfare nature, it helps the government to fully achieve its functions. Once the government is liberated from burdensome trivial coordination affairs, there will be more time and energy for policies making, regulate and supervise the management of the land market to ensure land transfer market follow along the direction of the healthy and orderly development.Three methods are used mainly in this paper to study and analyze the intermediary organization of China’s rural land transfer. First is the method of comparative analysis, by comparing of the social attribute of public land transfer intermediary organizations, analyzing the pros and cons between government oriented intermediary organizations, market dominant intermediary organizations and farmers spontaneously formed loose land transaction organization; From comparing the similarities and differences between china and foreign land transfer intermediary organizations, analyze how rural intermediary organizations in China to foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, adapt foreign things to Chinese needs. Two is the literature data method, by making thorough research, extensively collecting relevant academic literature, the government announcements, laws and regulations, etc., so as to obtain all kinds of research materials to carry out on the analytical elaboration. Three is case study method, by making relevant case study analysis, to enhance the study of empirical, tamp in practice and application.The innovative part of this paper is to creatively put forward the concept of setting up the rural land circulation intermediary organization with public welfare nature. Rural land circulation intermediary organization with public welfare nature has formed its bud development condition under current china rural land transfer practice, as long as the government gives correct guidance and sufficient support, it surely can maintain a continuous, stable and steady development.There are also potential deficiencies in this paper due to limited personal theoretical base; problems within rural land transfer intermediary organization may not be comprehensive and profound. Most of the information is collected via the network database yet not enough the empirical research work has been done. China’s rural land reform is a big topic, this paper is only a small step in the study of land transfer issues, many further studies are needed to tackle the problem, e.g. how to position the land transfer intermediary with public welfare nature, how the intermediary with public welfare nature make self-development, how the government perform feasible governance.