Study On The Different Cultivated Land Use Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of Different Types Of Farm Household

With the study of social population, resources and environmental issues have become increasingly prominent, land use / land cover change(LUCC) become a hot and foreword area of the study of global environmental change. Cultivated land is the essence of land, has become a hot research of LUCC. Cultivated land is an important carrier of ecological civilization construction, it is the basis of survival of farmers, the relationship between the country’s food security, but also the stability of the foundation of society, the relationship between the healthy and stable development of the society. Cultivated land can stable social equilibrium process agricultural products, to avoid food shortages, demand and other social crises. The scarcity of cultivated land resources is China’s basic national conditions, our country in a period of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the shortage of cultivated land as a strategic resource constraints on economic development has become increasingly evident. Farmers to adapt to new social conditions of agricultural production, such as the transfer of labor to non-agricultural industries, and fallowing farmland circulation, etc., change in the way farmers’ livelihood, changed the way farmers of arable land investment. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the study of " Rural households division- farmland investment- cultivated land use efficiency",to analyze different types of farmers cultivated land use efficiency and affecting factors. Article Select Wulong County, Chongqing Municipality typical mountainous study area, using participatory farmer evaluation methods(PRA) for four sample villages surveys. According to different livelihoods, the households were classified into 4 types, deficient, basic, natural-assets and human-assets. By using of group comparison and data envelopment analysis(DEA), this article analyzed the differences of the cultivated land use efficiency by different type of farm households. Then, using the tobit model analyzed different types of farmers cultivated land use efficiency influencing factors. The results show that:(1) Overall, the farmland use efficiency of the study area is low and the ranking of the efficiency of the four types households is natural-assets-type, human-asset-type, deficient, basic, from high to low.(2) Differences in different types of household cultivated land use patterns and different types of households have their own characteristics. Natural-assets-type has the highest labor and yield inputs in average household, human-asset-type has the highest labor inputs in unit cultivated land, deficient farmers has less cultivated land, basic farmers lack of funds and skilled labor. Natural-assets-type based on the strong dependence of arable land, and in the labor force age, education and agricultural income to total household income ratio respects to the advantage of its arable land and thus high efficiency. Human-assets-type based on cultivated low dependence of farmers, but the total family income, high degree of industry, labor and thus labor inputs more. Different farmers’ deletion capital and labor quality, low farmland efficiency. A small number of basic labor and the average household larger arable farmland so the lowest utilization efficiency.(3) Seen from a purely technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency of the four type of farmers is generally low mainly caused by pure technical efficiency is low. Description farmers in the production process of the input elements of the irrational, a waste of resources. Moreover, the production technology updates relatively slow, the promotion of the effectiveness of the new technology is not high. Therefore, users in production technology, the need for a unified, standardized guidance, speed up the promotion and popularization of new technologies. Four types of households in economies of scale most farmers are in incremental stages, indicate generally small scale agriculture.(4) Arable land per worker, is to increase the proportion of agricultural income significant factor type of natural assets Farmers cultivated land use efficiency, agricultural capital investment proportion of arable land fragmentation index is affecting the efficiency of cultivated land use afraid the main reason. Human asset type farmers educated workforce have a significant effect on the cultivated land use efficiency, and the impact of arable land utilization inefficiency factors mainly agriculture capital investment proportion. The main factors that affect farmers lower their basic cultivated land use efficiency is the proportion of middle-aged labor force and land from the index.