Research On Cultivated Land Using Efficiency In Bishan County Of Chongqing City

Cultivated land is the most valuable natural resources which is the material base of human survival and development, but also is the factors of production can not be replaced in agricultural production. Since twentieth Century 80 years, with economic development, population growth and the rapid process of urbanization, a large number of cultivated land, especially grain land,was transformed into construction land. The contradiction between human being and lands will become increasingly intense. In addition, the improvement of demand for agricultural products’number and level puts forward higher requirements on the bearing capacity of land resources and leads to conflict between cultivated land resources and food security. The study of land use efficiency and its influencing is conducive to efficient use of land resources, easing the contradiction between cultivated land resources and food security, but also is of great significance to guarantee national food security.This study investigates the efficiency of cultivated land in Bishan county from two angles of macroscopic and microcosmic. First, this paper analyzes the change of the land use efficiency from 2005 to 2012 and the spatial differences between 13 towns of Bishan county based on macroscopic statistical data by the method of data envelopment analysis. Second, this study analyzed the efficiency of household land use based on the survey data of the 225 farmers in Bishan County. The factors of the land use efficiency are analyzed by the Tobit model. In the end, policy recommendations maybe an important option for increasing the arable land use efficiency. The main conclusions are:(1) EDA method is used to evaluate the land use efficiency of Bishan county based on the macroscopic date from 2005 to 2012.Conclusion can be made that the land use efficiency is gradually reduced year by year. Besides, there is significant spatial difference of land use efficiency among 13 towns in Bishan county, Bicheng street and Dingjia street has the highest land use efficiency. Rural per capita net income, arable cropping density, per capita arable land and effective irrigated area all have a certain effect on the effeciengcy of cultivated land.(2) The study of efficiency of household land use in Bishan County indicates that the mean value of comprehensive efficiency of arable land use is0.546, and the optimal investment is 54.6%.The analysis of validity of the production inputs factors,land redundancy level reached 50%,far exeeeding the best investment.Besides,the details of insufficient production have been found out.(3) The study measures the influencing factors of household land use by applying the Tobit model.The result indicates that the average age of the labor force, proportion of flat land, arable cropping density, utilization rate of arable lands,per capita income and the proption of agricultural are the main and important factors, but the average cultural level of labor force, labour input intensity, blocks of culvated land, agricultural staff guidance, agricultural subsidies, the adoption of new technologies and new varieties.(4) The study puts forward the policy recommendations to improve household land use efficiency in Bishan County, including the following aspects:improving the quality of farmers, developing agriculture by science and technology, improving the mechanization level of agricultural production, strengthening the circulation of the cultivated land and promoting agricultural land scale operation, increasing the state supports, optimizing agricultural infrastructure, changing the land supply model.