Study On The Cultivated Land Use Efficiency In The Backgound Of Farmer’s Professional Differ Entiation

Land resource is the core issues in current rural China. As the limited quantity of cultivated land resource, the intensive and efficient utilization of cultivated land is of great importance for agricultural production. In recent years, along with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, agriculture will no longer be chosen for farmers as their only career.Because of the support of national policy and the unbalance between the development of urban and rural areas, the shift of agriculture labor force from agriculture sector to non-agricultur e sector has become a normal phenomenon. This kind of peasant occupational stratification poses serious problems in agriculture production, namely farmers’ concurrent business and the phenomenon of “leaving home without leaving land”, that have a direct negative impact on cultivated land use efficiency. Reasonable cultivated land use decisions will cause a high efficiency of cultivated land use and promote the efficient and intensive agriculture, as cultiva ted land is the basic element of agricultural production. Therefore, more and more researcher have focused on the change of cultivated land use behavior and efficiency caused by peasant occupational stratification. From the perspective of farmers, agricultural city Yuncheng was chosen as the research area and farmers’ cultivated land use behavior and efficiency was analyzed. This article is aimed at giving theoretical support and practical guidance to the research of Yuncheng cultivated land use efficiency.The background and significance of this article is firstly described. After summarizing the research status in China and abroad, related concepts are defined for future discussion in this article. Yuncheng city is an important base of grain production and modern agricultural,which makes it important to be related with China grain safety and agriculture development.In recent years, there are some problems existed in Yuncheng cultivated land use, namely structural imbalance between farmers and land, extensive use of cultivated landetc., that make it important to improve cultivated land use efficiency. Therefore, based on the first-hand data collected from grass-roots, this article discusses the properties of local peasants’ occupational stratification, and the change of cultivated land input, the scale of cultivated land operation,cultivated land use efficiency brought by this peasants’ occupational stratification. Using the area, laborforce input and financial input of cultivated land resource, theefficiency,comprehensive technical efficiencyand pure technical efficiency of cultivated land utilization for different farmer types in this area are analyzed byconstructing the data envelopment analysis model. Combined with projection analysis, the main reasons for the different low land use efficiency valuesare found out for summarizing the final conclusions and suggestions.The main conclusions of this research are shown as follows:(1) the type of different farmers has an important impact on cultivated land efficiency. In total, the degree of peasants’ occupational stratification has a negative effect on the cultivated land input, the scale of farmland management and the degree of cultivated land utilization.Farmers choosing agriculture as their only job will have better cultivated land input level and utilization efficiency, thePart-time farmersⅠfollows and thePart-time farmersⅡis the last.(2)The land utilization efficiency of different research areas are not the same, and their comprehensive technical efficiency values were ranging from 0.7 to 1.0. Among these areas, places with higher values always have better agriculture development to become a demonstration zone in Shanxi province even China. By the way, after projection analysis, the phenomena of input redundancyare also found in some places.(3)The land use efficiency is declined with the increase of peasants’ occupational stratification level. In detail, the main reason causing the decreased comprehensive technical efficiency in “pure” peasants is the cultivated land scale;the main reason for the decreased comprehensive technical efficiency in Part-time farmersⅠis the low technical efficiency; for Part-time farmersⅡ, the two reasons mentioned above are all important. Most farmers are still in the increasing returns of scale stage, namely their agriculture income will increase after the area of cultivated land increasing.This paper presents the following suggestions:(1)Appropriate expanse of the scale of operation of farmers good at agricultural production;(2) Try to train for professional farmers an d improve their degree of specialization.(3) Improve financial supports and realize the sustain able investment of agriculture.(4) Improve the construction of agricultural infrastructure and increase efforts to ensure the quantity of cultivated land.